THE SKELETON 



57 



of a rib. The transverse process of the fifth ends in three 

 branches. The following features are common to all thirteen 



-oiht 



y^^^ acd. 



Fig. 25. — Lateral Aspect of the Epistropheus. 

 ar. si. Anterior articular process; od. pr, odontoid process; nl. sp, neural spine 

 or spinous process; p. zg, posterior articular process; trs. pr, transverse process; 

 vrt. c, transverse foramen. 



thoracic vertebrae: a spinous process, projecting from the dor- 

 sum of the neural arch; two cranial 

 articular processes, facing dorsad or 

 dorsolaterad; two caudal articular 

 processes, facing ventrad or ventro- 

 mediad; a body whose transverse 

 diameter is greater than the vertical 

 diameter; and transverse processes. 

 There are two half facets on each 

 side of the body of every thoracic 



vertebra except the first, eleventh, ^f^lf'^^Mi^l^V^i! 

 twelfth, and thirteenth. The head ^^ "■' 



r '^ J^^ i.' 1 4- ' t-'U 4^„r^ FiG. 26. — LaTEROCAUDAL 



of a rib thus articulates with two ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ s^^^^^^ 



vertebra (Fig. 29). The body of Thoracic Vertebra. 



the first vertebra bears on each tr. Transverse process; 



, ,^ - ce, neural canal; ar, face 



side a whole facet and a nan lacet. for tubercle of rib; ar, pos- 



The eleventh, twelfth, and thir- ^erior articular process; 5. 

 J. XIV. viv. V v.ixi,ix, u , spinous process; c, centrum; 



teenth bear a whole facet on each n, intervertebral notch; e, 

 . . . ,, , , pedicle; /, lamina. 



side of the body. 



The transverse processes of the first eleven bear facets for 

 the articulation with the tubercles (Fig. 26) of the ribs. The 



