GUIDE TO THE STUDY 



between the skin and muscles of various parts for little cream- 

 colored nodules, about the size of a pinhead. If such are noted, 

 carefully tease one open and there will be found a larval fluke, 

 which is capable of developing to maturity in various aquatic 

 birds that prey on frogs. Other undetermined larval flukes have 



Fig. 1. — Recognition sketches of common trematode genera from native frogs. 

 Magnification (except 1 and 7) 10 X. 1, Clinostomum larvte under skin of throat; 

 2, Clinostomum, isolated; 3, Pneumonoeces from lung; 4, Diplodiscus; 5, Glyp- 

 thelmins; 6, Cephalogonimus; 7, cysts of Loxogenes on pyloric end of stomach; 

 8, Loxogenes; 9, Gorgodera; 10, Gorgoderina. 



been reported in the muscles of frogs; and the sporozoan, Glugea 

 danilewskyi, has also been noted. It occurs as white striations 

 in the muscles, containing spherical granules and many spores. 



Lungs. — Remove the lungs and tease them apart in a dish 

 of physiological salt solution. Probably both roundworms 

 (Nematoda) and flukes (Trematoda) will be found. Note the 

 number of each. 



Rhabdias ranee is a nematode measuring from 3.5 to 5 mm. in 

 length which is commonly found in the lungs of American frogs. 



