INDEX 



76: 



harmonic and relaxation oscillators, 

 281 

 oscillators, 281 



responsiveness to stimuli, 283 

 simple harmonic motion, 280 

 spontaneous, 279, 282, 283 

 Brain potentials, 255-258, 279-297, 299- 

 312,315-360,716-727 

 characteristics 



functional significance, 256 

 nature, 255 



neuron characteristics affecting, 257 

 rhythmicity of, 258 

 Brain rhythms : see Electroencephalogram 

 Brain stem reticular formation: see Re- 

 ticular formation 

 Brightness 



definition of, 715 

 measurement of, 729 

 nature of, 729 

 Brightness vision, 729, 732-735, 737 

 see also Vision 

 contrast 



definition of, 715 

 decortication and, 728 

 enhancement 



description of, 732 

 neurophysiological explanation, 732 

 Buffer solutions 

 taste of, 514 

 Bulbar relays: see Medullary oblongata 

 Burning pain: see Pain 



Calcium 



end plate potential and, 208 

 Caloric stimulation 



of endolymph, 556 

 Carbon dioxide 



thermoreceptors and, 455 

 Catechol amines 



see also Norepinephrine; Epinephrine; 

 Dopamine; Isopropylnorcpineph- 

 rine; Adrenergic transmitter; Trans- 

 mitter substances 



remote effects of, 225 



urinary excretion of, 225 

 Caudate nucleus 



convulsion inhibition by, 344 

 Central auditory function, 585-612 



see also Auditory cortex 



dispersion of excitation, 61 i 



frequency specificity, 607 



functional requirements, 587 



inhibition, 61 1 



lateral lemniscus and nucleus, 589 



laterality of projection, 609 



loudness and, 609 



recurrent pathway, 61 I 

 Central excitatory state: see Central 



nervous system 

 Central inhibitory state: see Central 

 nervous system 



Central ner\ ous system 

 axons 



potentials from, 268 

 control of triad response, 663 

 excitatory state 



depolarizing p.s.p.s and, 164 

 field currents in, igi 

 inhibitory state 



hyperpolarizing p.s.p.'s and, 164 

 microelectrode studies in, 262 

 micropipette techniques in, 263 

 motoneurons 



recording from, 271 

 neurons 



excitability states, 389 



for kinesthesis, 414 

 primary sensory fibers 



recording from, 270 

 single fiber isolation, 262 

 single units 



activity, 261-276 



identification, 267 

 Cephalopods 



see also Invertebrates; Molluscs 

 pupil in, 637 

 Cerebellum 



auditory pathway and, 590, 591 

 Cerebral cortex 



ablation, pain and, 493 

 afferent impulse interaction, 310 

 anemia 



d.c. potential and, 318 

 auditory projection system and, 591 

 corticifugal sensory control, 749-752 

 d.c. potentials in, 315-327 

 excitability of, 310, 311 

 functional unity of vertical columns, 



415 

 interaction systems in, 310, 748 

 isolated 



after-discharges, 306 

 lesions in epilepsy, 349 

 pain and, 492-498 

 piriform stimulation, 351 

 postcentral homologue 



patterns, 402 

 reticular control of afferents to, 747-749 

 somesthetic area 



electrical stimulation of, 436 

 strychnine and, 340 

 taste representation in, 510 

 thermosensitive units in, 436 

 visual mechanisms in, 719-727 

 Chemical energy 



receptor excitation by, 124 

 Chemical stimuli 

 taste and, 510 

 Chemical transmission 



see also Transmitter substances 

 anatomy, 2 r6 

 versus electrical, 2 1 7 



Chemoreceptors 



invertebrate, 375, 376 



temperature changes and, 376 

 Choline acetylase 



characterization, 232 

 Cholinergic transmitter, 230-233 



see also Acetylcholine; Transmitter 

 substances. Curare; Neuromuscular 

 transmission; Parasympathin 



acetylcholine as, 139, 155, 166, 179, 

 200, 230 



biosynthesis, 231, 232 



characteristics, 230, 231 



mechanism of release, 232 



parasympathin, 233 



release of, 232, 233 



removal of, 233 



storage, 232 

 Cholinesterase 



inhibition, 233 

 Cholinesterase inhibitors 



mode of action, 180 

 Chromaffin cells 



storage of hormones in, 221 

 Ciliary muscle 



as limit to accommodation, 664 



as skeletal muscle, 662 



muscle potential, 662 

 Cocaine 



blocking of nerve fibers, 471 



blocking of sensation by, 394 



second pain response and, 471 

 Cochlea 



see also Audition; Ear 



as mechanical frequency analyzer, 571 



basilar membrane, width of, 569 



bilateral representation of, 610 



blood supply, 574 



cortical representation of, 594, 606 



efferent control of, 744, 745 



excitation of, 565-584 



generator potential, 130 

 Cochlear ner\es 



tone frequency response, 604 

 Cochlear nuclei 



anatomy, 587 



efferent fibers from, 589 

 Cochlear potentials, 575-579 



injury and, 577 



microphonics 

 anoxia and, 577 

 characteristics, 576 



summating 



anoxia and, 578 

 characteristics, 576 

 Coelenterates 



see also Invertebrates 



effector structures in, 370 



neuromuscular transmission in, 249 

 Cold 



effect on endolymph, 556 



