768 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



NEUROPHYSIOLOGY I 



cortical lesions in, 349 

 degenerative 



reticular formation and, 342 

 EEG changes, 329 

 focus 



behavior of allied centers and, 356 

 functional, 331 

 organic, 331 

 postdischarges 



characteristics, 349 



cortical, propagation, 350 



transmission, 353 



zones for, 349 

 psychomotor 



characterization, 330 

 Epilepsy, grand mal 

 characterization, 330 

 cortical theory, 333 

 eclectic theory, 333 

 electrical discharge 



causes of, 342 



mechanism of, 334 

 electrical discharge and, 338 

 experimental production, 332 

 pentylenetetrazol seizures and, 341 

 physiopathology, 331 

 reticular neurons in, 342 

 subcortical theory, 332 

 Epilepsy, partial: see Epilepsies, partial 

 Epilepsy, petit mal 



absence type, 336, 346 



EEG in, 337 

 characterization, 330 

 myoclonic, 33'j, 346 



experimental production, 336 

 thalamus and, 337 

 Epinephrine 



iee also Catechol amines; Norepi- 

 nephrine; Dopamine; Isopropylnor- 



epinephrine; Adrenergic transmitter; 



Transmitter substances 

 acetylcholine and, 210 

 as transmitter substance, 140, 179, J 18, 



229 

 differentiation from norepinephrine, 



218 

 release in hypoglycemia, 226 

 Equilibrium 



see also Vestibular mechanism 

 control in invertebrates, 382 

 senses affecting, 549 

 Evoked potentials, 299-312 

 after-effects, 319 

 anatomical studies and, 300 

 antidromically produced, 304 

 apical dendrites, 304 

 auditory cortex and, 599 

 compared to spontaneous, 299 

 components, 300 

 cortical 



mechanism, 303 

 pain and, 494 



definition, 299 



distraction and, 754 



electrical signs, 304 



electrical stimulation of vestibular 

 nerve and, 559 



excitability changes and, 308 



external milieu and, 302 



internal milieu and, 302 



latent period, 301 



lateral geniculate and, 325 



olfactory bulb and, 541, 545 



periodic, 307 



presynaptic differentiation from post- 

 synaptic, 312 



repetitive stimulation and, 301 



sensory localization and, 300 



synapse and, 304 

 Excitation 



axonal, 94-100 



mechanism of, in thermal receptors, 



456 

 neuronal, 273-276 

 quantitative aspects, 129 

 transmission of energy, 1 37 

 Excitatory synapses: see Synapse, excita- 

 tory 

 Eye, 615-759 



see also Vision, Retina; Cornea 

 accommodation of, 654-656, 660-664 

 as optical device, 647 

 axial chromatic aberration in, 668 

 axial length, x-ray measurement, 658 

 image formation in, 647-691 

 internal refracting surfaces 



measurement, 657 

 measurements in, 656 

 optic axis, 657 

 Purkinje figure in, 669 

 reaction to stimuli, 366 

 refracting mechanism, 654-656 



accommodation and, 655 

 refracting power, 650 

 refraction of, 654 

 schematic 



exploded, 651 



Gullstrand, 648 



Helmholtz, 651 



reduced, 651 

 second nodal point 



x-ray location, 658 

 sensitivity to ultraviolet, 64 1 

 spectral transmittance, 666 

 spherical aberration, 668 

 static refraction, 655 

 stray light in, 667 

 visual pigment in, 617 



migration of, 640 

 Eye, camera style 

 definition, 628 

 in annelids, 638 

 in arthropods, 639 

 in molluscs, 637 



Eye, compound 



in arthropods, 631, 633 



polarization plane of light and, 636 

 Eye, multicellular 



photosensitivity in, 627 

 Eyespots 



composition, 627 



simple and compound, 627 



unicellular, photosensitivity, 627 



Facilitation 



definition, 168 



heterosynaptic, 185 



homosynaptic, 184 



neuromuscular junction and, 250, 251 



of nerve impulse, 1 84 

 Fasciculation 



explanation, 164 

 Fechner"s paradox 



brightness contrast and, 737 



definition, 736 

 Field currents 



central nervous system and, 191 

 First somatic cortical field 



fimctional organization, 415 



somesthetic discrimination and, 425 



tactile and kinesthetic activity and, 423 

 Flicker 



definition of, 715 



description of, 729 



detection 



by arthropods, 634 



EEG driving and, 731 



frequency 



cortical relation, 730 



fusion 



in cone eyes, 708 

 in rod eyes, 708 

 Foveal chief ray 



definition, 653 

 Foveal vision : see Vision, foveal 

 Frequency discrimination 



transmission of, 583 

 Frontal lobectomy 



pain responses and, 497, 498 

 Fusion 



description of, 729 

 Fusion point 



definition of, 730 

 Fusional convergence : see Convergence 



GABA ; see -, -aminobutyric acid 

 Galvanic stimulation 



of labyrinth, 556 

 Ganglia 



photosensitivity in, 624 

 Gastropods 



see also Invertebrates 



ocelli in, 630 

 Generator potential 



complex organs, 1 30 



definition, 130 



