EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES 



For frog work, melted beeswax to which enough lamphlack has heen added to give it a 

 dark gray appearance, will prove to be satisfactoiy. Occasionally, after the dishes are 

 prepared, the wax base will, under water, float off the bottom. To prevent this, place a 

 few pieces of 2 mm. glass rod in the bottom of each dish before adding the melted beeswax. 

 These will add sufficient weight to hold the wax In place. Have at least 10 operating 

 dishes available at all times. Grooves to hold embryos may be made with ball tips when 

 needed. 



OPERATING SOLUTIONS 



The operating medium will vary with the age, the condition of the embryo (or lilssue) 

 and the species used. Operations are generally performed in more concentrated solutions, 

 and, after healing, are returned to weaker salt solutions (see exercise on "Wound Heal- 

 ing"). 



For operations on Urodeles the Urodele Operating Medium is used and the embryos will 

 heal normally if left in these solutions. After the operation wound has healed the Urodele 

 embryo is transferred to Urodele Growing Solution. For the Anura double strength and then 

 Normal Standard Solutions are used. Brief boiling of the solutions to sterilize them may 

 be necessary. If convenient, large volumes could be autoclaved or filtered and stored as 

 stock solutions. Controlled salt solutions are more satisfactory than Spring Water or 

 conditioned tap water because there Is greater uniformity. 



In all cases remember that surface rather than volume is important. The embryos need 

 be Just covered in the solution and no more, providing evaporation is reduced to a minimum. 



GLASSWARE 



Ovulating animals should be kept in fish bowls or small battery Jars, properly 

 covered. If eggs are to be layed in these containers, it will be necessary to provide 

 them with appropriate solutions. The Urodeles generally attach their eggs to vegetation. 



EXTRA FINGER 80WLS 



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EXTRA OPERATING DISHES 



HOLTFRETER'S SPRING WATER AUX)HOL 



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 95% 



MICROSCOPE LAMP 

 NEEDLE a HAIR LOOP BOARD 



EXPERIMENTAL EMBRYOS 



RING STAND 



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CONTROL EMBRYOS -» 



GROUND BOTTOM ^ — ^ 

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 / \^__y \ I^OPERATING (SYRACUSE) DISHI 



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OPERATIMG BOARD 



BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE 



METAL BOX WITH DRAWERS 

 FOR INSTRUMENTS 



PLAN FOR OPERATING TABLE 



