APPARATUS AND MATERIAL 



The apparatus necessary for this course of study need not be exten- 

 sive. Each student should be provided with the following instruments : 

 either one medium-sized scalpel or two, a small one and one of medium 

 or large size ; two pairs of scissors, a large straight pair and a small 

 pair, preferably with curved tips; either one pair of medium-sized 

 forceps or two pairs, a small one and one of medium size, both straight 

 and with corrugated tips; two dissecting needles, a probe, a blow- 

 pipe, a hand lens. 



Each student should have a shallow dissecting pan, in the bottom 

 of which is a layer of black wax ; the depth of the pan should be about 

 an inch and a half. If the lobster is dissected, however, a deeper pan 

 without wax will also be needed. The student should also be provided 

 with a number of pins which may be conveniently kept, while not in 

 use, stuck in a large cork. 



It is intended that most of the drawings of dissections should be 

 outhnes, usually more or less diagrammatic, made with a hard draw- 

 ing pencil in a large blank book, the paper of which is good and firm, 

 or upon sheets of drawing paper. The general use of colors by a class 

 is not recommended, not because the use of them is not often helpful, 

 but because in a class of young students it is difficult to prevent their 

 abuse by many. The careless student will often be tempted to sub- 

 stitute the use of colors for careful drawing. Outhne drawings of a 

 dissection on a sufficiently large scale, and carefully made and labeled, 

 will invariably be perfectly clear. 



For the study of many of the animals or parts of them in this 

 course, a compound microscope will be needed ; a dissecting micro- 

 scope will also be useful throughout the course, although not indis- 

 pensable. The student should be provided with a number of glass 

 slides and thick cover glasses. Water may be used as a medium for 

 making temporary mounts of most of the objects examined under the 

 microscope. A solution made of equal parts of water and glycerine, 

 however, is usually preferable to water, as it will not dry up and, 



