370 APPENDIX III 



Graafian (de Graaf, a Dutch anatomist, 17th Centur}'), specifically the 



graafian follicle which surrounds the ovum in the ovary. 

 GRADUS (L. gradus, step, from gradior, to walk) ; as plantigrade, digitigrade, 



unguligrade. 

 GUBERNACULUM (L. a rudder), the short ligament in the mammalian 



embryo, attached to both testis and scrotum. 

 Gymnophigna (G. gymnos, naked, plus ienai, to go), an order of legless 



amphibia, primitive in skull structure, and having minute dermal 



scales in the skin. Synonymous with Apoda. 



HAEMO (G. haima, blood), a combining form; variant of hemo. 

 HAEMOGLOBIN (G. haiiiia, plus L. globus, a globe), a blood protein con- 

 taining iron, with an affinity for oxygen. 

 Hatteria; see Sphenodon. 

 Heloderma (G. helo, a nail head, plus derma, skin), a genus of lizards 



of the Southwest U. S. and Mexico; the only poisonous lizards 



known. 

 HEMi (G.-L. half), a prefix; hemibranch, hemisection. 

 Hemichordata (G. hemi, plus chorda, a string), a sub-phylum of chor- 



dates with a small anterior homologue of the notochord; includes 



Balanoglossus and other forms. 

 HEPAR (G. liver), a combining form; hepatic, heparin. 

 HERBIVOROUS (L. herba, grass, plus voro, to devour), pertaining to animals 



which eat only vegetable matter. 

 HERM.\PHR0DiTE (G. Hcrmaphroditus, the son of Hermes and Aphrodite) 



an individual combining both sexes; hermaphroditic animals are 



rarely self fertilizing. 

 HETERO (G. different), a prefix; heterodont, heterocercal. 

 HETEROCERCAL (G. hetcro, plus kerkos, tail), fish with the tail upturned 



at the posterior extremity, tj'pical of the sharks. 

 HETERODONT (G. hetcro, plus odous, tooth), having teeth of different 



shapes; i.e., incisors, canines, premolars, molars. 

 HOLO (G. holos, whole, entire), a prefix, as holoblastic. 

 HOLOBLASTic (G. Jiolos, plus blastos, a germ), a type of cleavage in which 



the entire cell divides; opposed to meroblastic. 

 HoLocEPHALi (see Chimera). 

 HoLOSTEi (G. holos, plus osteon, bone), an order of bony fishes including 



Amia and the gar-pikes, structurally intermediate between Chondrostei 



and Teleostei. The name is in reference to the ossification of the chon- 



drocranium, and its fusion with the dermal bones. 

 HOMO (G. homos, the same), a prefix opposed to hetero. See heterodont 



and heterocercal. 

 Homo (L. man), a genus of the higher primates including all recent races 



of man. The only existing species is H. sapiens. See Neanderthal and 



Cro-Magnon. 

 HOMOLOGUE (G. homologeo, to agree), a structure which agrees with an- 

 other in genetic origin. Adjective, homologous. See analog}'. 

 HORMONE (G. hormao, to excite), "a chemical messenger" secreted by an 



organ and influencing another. 

 HYAL (G. hyalos, glassy), clear or translucent; as hyaline cartilage. 

 HYOID (G. y, plus eidos, form, like the letter upsilon), derived from or 



pertaining to the hyoid bone — developmentally the second visceral 



arch. 



