sphenethmoid commissure 

 orbital fissure^ 



dermal part of olisphenoid 



position of foramen ovale 



dorsum sellae 



cochlear part of otic capsule 



tegmen tympani 



prefacial commissure 



jugular foramen (metotic foramen) 



hypoglossal foramen 



canalicular port of otic capsule 

 vestibular port 



paracondylar foramen 



crista galli 

 cribriform plate 

 lamina orbitonasalis 



pilo preoptica 



optic fenestra 



ala orbitalis 



2 ala temporalis 



foramen rotundum 

 Meckel's cartilage 



incus 



carotid canal 



openings of facial canal 



suborcuote fossa 

 endolymphatic foramen 



occipitocapsular fissure 

 mastoid foramen 



lamina alaris 

 synotic and posterior tectum 



ala temporalis 

 foramen rotundum / olisphenoid 



fissuro orbitonasalis 



pterygoid process 

 facial canal 



epiphanial foramen 

 lacrimal duct 

 nasal tectum 



nasal septum 



tegmen tympani 



paraseptal cartilage 

 pterygoid cartilage 



hypohyi 

 Meckel's cartilage 



copula 



thyroid 



cricoid 



ceratobranchial I 



mastoid foramen 



occipitocapsular fissure 

 primitive stylomastoid foramen 

 perilymphatic fenestra 

 hypoglossal foramen 

 occipital condyle 

 stylohyal process 



B 



Figure 3-1 2. Chondrocronium of on 8-cm human foetus. A, dorsal view; B, anterolateral view. (After 

 Hertwig, 1898) 



52 • OSTEOLOGY AND THE MAMMALIAN HEAD SKELETON 



