Auricle (ear), 29 



Aiistratosomus, 162, 164 



Autocentrous, 166 



Autonomic nervous system, 387 



Autopalatine, 106, 125, 127 



Autopodium, 172 



Autostylic jaw suspension, 99, 104 



Axis, 141, J-f2, 145, 146, 147, 149 



Axolotl, 286, 287 



AYERS, 139 



Azygous veins, 369 



Balanglnsms. 5, 12, 12, 19 



development of, 16 

 BALFOUR, 3, 131, 139, 186 

 BALFOUR AND PARKER, 332 

 Barbels, 24 



Barbiis, pearl organs of, 226 

 Barn Owl, 29 

 BARRELL, 444 

 Basal elements, 167 

 Basal nuclei, 393 



Basal plate, of endocranium, 51, 53, 127 

 Basal process, of endocranium, 1 19 

 of parachordal, 108 

 of vertebra, 158 

 Basal vascular canal, 234 

 Basement membrane, 223, 226 

 Basibranchial, 1 19 

 Basicochlear, fissure, 54 

 Basihyal, 64, 107, 122 

 Basilar papilla, 406 

 Basilar ple.xus, 360 



Basioccipital, 37, 46, 49, 61, 80, 86, 1 14, 125 

 Basiotic extension of parachordal, 85, 121 

 Basipterygoid process of basisphenoid, 46, 



48, 64, 85, 94 

 Basis cranii, 53, 71, 76, 119, 129 

 Basisphenoid, 37, 40, 46, 64, 106, 125 

 origin in teleost, 1 1 1 



Basitrabecular process, 51, 108, 131 



Basitrabecular plate, 130 



Basivestibular commissure, 107 



Basle Nomina Anatomica, 34 



Basophile, 377 



Basopodium, 172 



Bat, 254,291, 403 



BATESON, 5 



Beak, of bird, 76 



BEARD, 402 



Becker's cells, see mucous cells 



BELON, 1 



Benthomchus, tooth structure, 250 



Biamphicoelous vertebra, 150 



Biceps branchii, 426, 433, 436 



Biceps femoris, 426, 428 



Biconvex vertebra, 148, 150 



Bicornate uterus, 323 



Bidder's organ, 325, 326 



Bilateral appendages or fins, 171 



Bill sheath, 222, 223 



Biogenetic law, 3, 445 



Bipartate uterus, 323 



Bipolar neuron, 386 



Biprocoeious vertebra, 150 



Bird, 22,29, 91, 369, 381, 390 



aortic arches, 347, 348 



as archosaurs, 61 

 brachial plexus, 434 

 digestive tract, 261, 261 

 eye, 405 



muscles, 422, 423 

 external appearance, 28, 29 

 head skeleton, 75, 7y. 78 

 heart, 342 

 lungs, 281 



renal portal system, 370 

 reproductive tract, 324 

 skin, 221 

 veins, head, 364 

 vertebrae, 144, 149, 150, 151 

 Birkema, 19, 31, 137, 240 



external appearance, 30, 134 

 Black stolon, 14 

 Bladder, 256, 293, 297 



cells, 226 

 Blarma, 403 

 Blastema, 111, 144 

 Blastocoel, 195, 199, 201, 203, 208 

 Blastodisc, 203, 207 

 Blastopore, 195, 198, 199, 201 , 203, 205, 207 



embryonic and vitelline, 205 

 Blastula, 195, 199, 208 

 Blind spot, 386 

 Blood, hematology, 377 

 Blood cells, 378 

 Blood islets, 205, 378 

 Body surface as respiratory surface, 290 

 BOLK, 251 

 Bombmator, 153 

 Bone, 228 



acellular, 235 

 blastema of. 111 

 chondral, 35 

 marrow, 378 

 origin of. 111 

 sensory organ origin, 110 

 structure in mammal, 229 

 tooth origin of, 110 

 Bony plates, skin, 217 

 Boreosomus, 20, 415 



Bolhnolepis, 20, 126, 232, 240, 242, 274, 286 

 external appearance, 'i\,3l 

 fin rays, 243 



head and trunk armor, 189 

 pectoral fin, 190 

 scale, 232 

 Bowman's capsule, 297 

 Bowman's glands, 403 

 Box turtle, see Terrapene 

 Brachial plexus, 434 

 Brachialis, 433 



Brachiopterygii (Brachiopterygians), (see 

 also Polypterm), 21, 26, 26, 115, 182, 

 284, 285, 447 

 Brachiocephalic, innominate 

 artery, 347 

 vein, 362 

 Brachioradialis muscle, 427 

 Brachydont, 251 

 Bradyodont sharks, 123, 248 

 Bradypus, renal circulation, 369 

 Brain, 201 



Branchial arches, 107, 126, 280 

 chambers, 24, 287, 288 

 openings, 18, 23, 286 

 pouch, 347 

 sinuses, 366 

 skeleton, lamprey, 131 

 Branchiosaurus, branchiosaurs, 85, 86, 152, 



177, 178, 191,287 

 Branchiostegal rays, 106 

 Branchwstoma, 5, 19 

 BR.AUER, 301 

 Breakage line, 147 

 BriUe, 28 



Bronchial columella, 406 

 Bronchus, 280 

 Brougkia, 20 

 Briicke's muscle, 405 

 Brunner's glands, 254 

 Buccal depression, 197 

 Buccal diverticulum, see stomochord 

 Buccal funnel, 197 

 Buccal nerve, branch of facial, 390 

 Buccal tube, 12, 16 

 Bucconasal (oronasal) membrane, 402 

 Buccopharyngeal veins, 365 

 Budding, 11, 16 

 BUFFON. 2 

 Bufo, hermaphroditic reproduction system, 



325 

 Bufonidae, 326 

 Bulbourethral glands, 318 

 Bulbuli, 9 



Bulbus arteriosus, 344 

 Bulbus cordis, 339 

 Bulla, alisphenoid, 43 



tympanic, 37 

 Bullar recess, 40 

 Bullfrog (see also Rana), 177 

 arteries, head, 358 

 head skeleton, 83 

 inner ear, 407 

 Bundle of His, 340 

 Bursa entiana, 264, 271 

 Bursalis muscle, 422 

 BUTSCHLI, 3 



Caecum, 253 

 Calamotchthys, 21, 26,26 

 Calcaneus, 173 

 Calcareous cells, 226 

 Calhchlhys, 237 



scale, 238 



skin, 225 

 Callorhymhus, 123, 165 

 Cables, sensory organ on scale, 221 

 Cambrian, 63 

 Camel, 22, 377 

 Canalicular foramen, 122 

 Canalicular part of otic capsule, 51 

 Canine teeth, 39, 251 

 Cams, 22 



Capillary loops, 281 

 Capitate, 172 

 Capitulum, 148, 188 

 Capsular canal, 1 19 

 Captorhinomorphs, 88, 89, 91 

 Carapace, of osteostracan, 1 35 



INDEX 



461 



