Ethmosphenotic division of endocranium in 



Palaeoniscoid. 114 

 Euarthrodircs, 126 



head skeleton of, 126, 126, 127 

 sensory- canals, 127 

 Eug}rtnus, 85, 86, 86 

 Eureptilia, eureptiles, 71, 343 

 Eutypharynx, 288 

 Eustachian tube, 71, 406 

 Euslhempieron, 21. 33, 92, 94, 157, 158, 169, 

 180, 191. 239, 241,404, 416 

 bones, 241 



external appearance, 32 

 fin ravs. 243 



head skeleton, 93, 94, 95, 96 

 pectoral fin, J8I 

 pectoral girdle, 179 

 pelvic girdle, 183 

 skeleton, body, 168 

 vertebrae. Ij9 

 Eutheria ( Placentalia), 43 

 Excretor\' svstem, 291 

 Exoccipital,'37, 44. 61, 83, 85, 86, 125 

 Extensors muscles, 432 



extensor antibrachialis, 427 

 extensor carpi radialis, 433, 436 

 extensor carpi radialis brevis, 428 

 extensor carpi radialis longus, 428 

 extensor carpi ulnaris, 428, 433, 436 

 extensor digiti bres'is, 436 

 extensor digitoruin. 433, 436 

 extensor digitorum communis, 428 

 extensor digitorum lateralis, 428 

 extensor digitorum longus, 430 

 extensor poUicis longus et indicis, 428 

 External anatomy, vertebrates, 18 

 External auditory meatus, 218 

 External branchial arches. 134 

 External branchial chamber, 288 

 External csu-otid, 347, 354 

 External gills, 26, 214. 286, 349, 350 

 External jugular vein. 361 

 External maxillary artery, 354 

 External rectus muscle, 422 

 Extracleithrum, 179 

 Extracolumella, 64, 66, 406 

 Extraembryonic coelom, 203, 208 

 Extrascapular series, 92, 105 

 Extrinsic muscles, 424 

 Eye, 18,404 



Eye muscle (extrinsic muscles), 422, 423 

 relation to myodome, 107 



Facial canal, 51 



Facial nerve (VII), 386 



Falciform ligament, 257 



Falciform process. 404 



Falx cerebrae. 45 



Fasciae latae. 428 



Fat body, 325, 326 



Fat cells. 218 



Feathers, 2X1,222 



Felts (see also cat), 22 



Femoral artery, 367, 368 



Femoral gland, of Lacerta, 221 



Femur. 172 



Fenestra choanae, 53 



Fenestra cochleae (fenestra rotunda), 51 



Fenestra narina, 53 



Fenestra perilymphaticus, 5 1 



Fenestra vestibuli, fenestra ovalis, 41. 46, 



49,51,64,80,83,406 

 Fertilization, 194, 199 

 Fertilization membrane, 194 

 Fibrila, 172 

 Fibrilare, 173 

 Fibroblasts, 218, 226 

 Fibrodentine, 233 

 Fibrous laminae. 226 

 Fibrous layer of dermis, 226 

 Filoplumes. 222 



Fimbriated margin of ostium, 321 

 Fin fold theory, 186 

 Fin ravs, 167, 240, 242, 243 

 Finlets, 26, 167 

 Firmisternal union, 177 

 Fixity of species, 2 

 Flemming's fluid, 310 

 FUurantm, 155, 156 

 Fle.xor muscles, 432 



flexor carpi radialis. 428, 433, 436 

 flexor carpi ulnaris, 428. 433, 436 

 flexor digitorum, 433 

 flexor digitorum longus, 430 

 flexor digitorum profundus, 428, 433, 436 

 flexor digitorum sublimis, 428 

 flexor hallucis, 430 

 Follicule cells, of ovary, 193 

 Follicle, feather, 222 



hair, 218 

 Fontanelle, 42 

 Foramen epiphaniale, 53 

 Foramen magnum, 37, 51, 119 

 Foramen of Monroe. 383 

 Foramen ovale, 40, 340 

 Foramen of Panizza. 341 

 Foramen perilymphaticus, 38, 49, 51 

 Foramen primitivum facialis, 51 

 Foramen rotundum. 40 

 Foregut. 203. 256 



Forms A and B, see Soederberghia andjamikia 

 Fornix, 384 

 Fossa of Bridgei. 94 



Fossil vertebrates, external appearance, 30 

 Fossils, use of in chordate morphology, 34 

 Fourth ventricle, 383 

 Fovea, 405 

 FOWLER. 5 



Frog, (see also Rana, anura), 21, 377, 389, 

 402 

 aortic arches, 349 



blastula, organ-forming areas of, 201 

 brain, 390 

 chondrocranium, 84 

 development, 194, 199, 200 

 head skeleton, 83, 84 

 heart, 343 



kidney, 301, Z02, 303, 304 

 larv'a, 215 



reproductive system, 304 

 teeth, 25J 

 vertebrae, 153 

 Frontals, 38, 46, 49, 76, 80, 82, 85 

 in actinopterygian, 105 



Frontoparietal, 82, 84 



Fulcra, 24, 168 



Funnels, pronephric, 293, 297 



FCRBRINGER, 3 



Fusion of cranial bones, 45, 76 



GADOW, 3, 143 

 Gadus (cod), 20, 393 

 aortic arches, 351 

 head skeleton, 105, 109 

 Galeus, 285, 333, 334 

 Gall bladder, 253, 254. 256. 257, 264 

 Callus (chick), 22 

 Gamellus inferior, 429 

 Gamellus superior, 429 

 Gametogenesis, 193 

 Ganoid scale, 234 

 Ganoin, 25, 228, 234 

 GARROD. 348 

 Gartners duct, 296, 322 

 Gasserian ganglion, 365, 386 

 Gastralia, 149, 191 

 Gastrocnemius, lateral head, 430 



medial head, 430 

 Gastrula, 195 



Gastrulation. 194, 195, 199 

 GAUPP, 3 

 GEGENB.AUR, 3, 12, 139 



archipterv-gium theory, 180, 186 

 origin of girdles, 186 

 origin of jaw^, 128 

 Gemijndina, external appearance, 31,5/ 

 General visceral sensorv fibers, 386 

 General visceral (proprioceptive) fibers, 386 

 Geniculate ganglion, 365, 386 

 Genital ridge, 12, 320,326 

 Genitoinguinal fold, 321 

 Geologic timetable, 62 

 Geotria, 405 

 GephvTocercal. 168, 169 

 Germ cells, 320 

 Germ ring, 203, 205 

 Germinal disc, 201,205 

 Gestation period, 30 

 Giant ner^e cells, enteropneust, 14 



of Rhodes, 9 

 Gill rakers, 286. 288 

 Gill rays, 289 

 Gill, vesseU, 352 

 Gills. 282. 286 



external, 286, 288, 289 

 internal, 287 

 Ginglymoidy, 149 

 Gland, alveolar. 218 

 Gland, areolar of Montgomery, 220 

 Gland, gas, 284 

 Gland, Meibomian, 218 

 Gland, Molls, 218 

 Gland, mucous, 223, 224 

 Gland, poison, 223, 224, 225 

 Gland, sebaceous, 218 

 Gland, slime, 226 

 Gland, sweat, apocrine, 218 

 Gland, sweat, eccrine, 218 

 Gland, uropygial, 222 

 Glandtceps, 12 



INDEX • 465 



