Labial cartilages, 119, 122 

 Labyrinthodonts, 2 1 , 248 



tooth, 228 

 Lacerta, 64, 342, 363, 367, 369, 432 

 brain, 388 



chondrocranium, 67, 68 

 scales, 221 

 skin, 221 

 Lacrimal, 39, 80, 85, 105 

 Lacrimal canal, 46 

 Lacrimal duct, 85, 402 

 Lactation hair, 221 

 Laemargus, 21 \, 273. 413, 415 

 Lagena, 406 



Lagomorph, (see also rabbit), 22, 37 

 LAMARCK, 2, 5 

 Lamina pterygoideus, 5 1 

 Lamina transversalis posterior, 53 

 Lamtia, 246 



Lampanydus, 284, 305, 331, 357, 358, 394, 

 410 

 arteries of head, 359 

 reproductive system, 330 

 Lampetra, 18, 20, 375 

 external appearance, 23 

 heart, 346 

 Lamprey, 135, 201, 382, 408 

 aortic arches, 354 

 brain. 395, 398 

 cloacal region, 313 

 cranial nerves, 399 

 digestive tract, 274, 275, 276 

 egg, 194 



endocranium, 129, 130 

 head skeleton of, 129, 129 



development of, 131, 132 

 head structure, 278 

 heart, 345 

 inner ear, 409 

 kidney, 313, 314,5/5, 316 

 muscles, eye, 423 

 myomere, 421 

 organogenesis, 198, 198 

 pituitary origin, 380 

 reproductive system, 335 

 sensory-line organs and grooves, 412 

 skin, 227 



somite and nephrotome of larva, 314 

 subintestinal vein development, 375 

 teeth, 246 

 viscera, 313 

 veins, body, 375 

 veins, head, 365 

 vertebral elements, 165 

 Languets, 5, 197 

 Larvae, 214 

 Larynx, 280 



Laryngotracheal groove, 280 

 Lasamus, 19, 30, 137 

 Lateral abdominal vein, 372 

 Lateral canal, 106 

 Lateral commissure, 94, 106, 107, 112, 122 



125 

 Lateral cuneiform, 173 

 Lateral cutaneous veins, 370 

 Lateral ethmoid, 106 

 Lateral fins, 18, 23 

 Lateral geniculate nuclei, 386 



Lateral-line (sensory-canal) svstem, 24, 387, 

 410 

 basic patterns, 41 1 

 Lateral rectus muscle, 386 

 Lateral rostral, 105 

 Lateral vesicle, 310 

 Laterohyal, 102, 112 

 Lateromandibula, 128 



Latimena, 21, 33, 98, 99, 156, 167, 179, 180, 

 191, 224, 239, 264, 278, 283, 287, 303, 

 327, 344, 350, 379, 380, 381, 391, 392, 

 403, 418, 422 



endocranium and visceral skeleton, 98 



external anatomy, 26, 27 



head skeleton, 97, 98 



kidney, 303 



pectoral fin, 181 



pectoral girdle, 180 



pelvic girdle, 183 



swim bladder, 283 



vertebrae, 158 

 Latissimus dorsi, 424, 432, 433 



pars extensor antibrachialis, 424 

 Lebisles, see guppy 

 LEHMAN, 3 

 Lens cells, tunicate, 1 1 

 Lens of eye, 404 

 Lfpidoihflys, 69 

 Lepidomoria, 234 

 Lepidosauria, 61 



Lepidosiren, 21, 99, 104, 241, 266, 283, 287, 

 288, 304, 327, 344, 345, 370, 404 



development, 208 



larva, 214 

 Lepidosteid tubules, see Williamson's canals 

 Lepidotrichia, 240, 241, 242 



development in Salmo, 244 

 Ltptdotiis, 1 1 6 



Lepisosleus, 20, 115, 161, 167, 168, 181, 182, 

 235, 236, 237, 238, 271, 288, 308, 309, 

 331, 332, 345, 350, 378, 382, 394, 423, 

 447 



aortic arches, 351 



digestive tract, 270, 270 



external anatomy, 25, 25 



fin base, 185 



head skeleton, compared with Arma. 117, 

 118 



kidney, 308 



development, 309 



pectoral girdle, 184, 185 



reproductive system, 329, 333 



scales, development, 240 



swim bladder, 284, 285 



tooth, 249 



vertebrae, 161 

 Lepospondylous, vertebra, 151, 155 

 Lepus, 22, 257 

 Lesser multangular, 172 

 Lestidwm, 333 

 Lfuctscus, scale, 238 

 Leurognathus, 281 

 Levator palpebrae, 423 

 Levator scapulae, 424, 432, 433 

 Leydig's cell, 225 

 Leydig's gland, 310, 312, 334, 382 

 Lien (spleen), 367 

 Lienal artery, 367 



Lines of Retzius, 243, 245 



Lines of Schreger, 243 



Lingual artery, 354 



Lingual cartilages of hagfish, 132, 133 



Lingual process. 64 



Lingual vein, 360 



Limb, origin, 444, 445 



circulation, development, 367 

 Lion, 291 

 Lips, 253 

 Liver, 197, 199, 253, 256, 257, 264 



development, pig, 259 



diverticulum, 201, 256 

 Lizard (see also Tupinambis and Iguana), 22, 

 28,91,259 



as lepidosaur, 61 



brachial plexus, 434 



chondrocranium, 69 



digestive tract, 256 



head skeleton, bones, 64 

 development, 64 



muscle, eye, 423 



teeth, 251 



vertebrae, 146 

 Lobe, fin, 23 

 Lobule, 291 



Lobular bronchiole, 280 

 Loggerhead turtle, see Caretta 

 Lophius. kidney, 306 

 Loph, teeth, 41 

 Lophophore, 16 

 Lota, 329 

 Loxomma. 88 

 Lumbar vertebrae, 141, 142, 143 



number, 145 

 Lumbricales, 433 

 Lunatum, 172 

 Lung buds, 256, 280 

 Lungfish (see also Dipnoi), 525, 381, 405 

 Lung, 253, 289 



development, 280, 282 

 Lung and air sacs, bird, 282 

 Lymph nodes, 378 

 Lymphatic, 378 

 Lymphocytes. 377 



Lymphoid tissue, 303, 305, 306, 310, 314 

 Lynx, 291 

 Lyodonti, definition, 248 



Macrociemmys, 22, 69 

 Macromeres, 194 

 Macrophage, 218. 377 

 MacTopus, 257 

 Macula, 408 

 Macula neglecta, 409 

 Main lateral line, 410 

 Major calyx, 291 

 Major cornu, 36 

 Malaplerurus, 420 

 Malapteruridae, 420 

 Malleus, 37,41,43,46, 59 

 Mammal, 22, 76, 211, 297, 377, 390, 403, 

 405, 423 



arterial roots, 348 



arteries 



body, 366, 367 

 head, 354 



autonomic system, 387 



468 • INDEX 



