INTRODUCTION 



Apparatus. Each student should be provided with the following 

 instruments: two scalpels (a small one and one of medium size), 

 two pairs of scissors (a large, straight pair, and a small pair pref- 

 erably with curved tips), two pairs of forceps (a small and a large 

 pair, both straight and with corrugated tips), two dissecting 

 needles, a probe, a blowpipe, and a hand lens. There should also 

 be in the laboratory at the disposal of the class one or more 

 large scalpels, a pair of bone-cutters, a small saw, and materials 

 for making injections. 



Each student should have a large dissecting pan— in the bottom 

 of which is a layer of black wax— and a dissecting board. He 

 should have also a number of strong pins, which may be con- 

 veniently kept, while not in use, stuck in a large cork. 



Dissecting and drawing. Skill in dissecting is usually quickly 

 acquired with practice. The student should bear in mind that 

 dissection does not mean cutting and slashing, but the careful 

 separation of parts in order that they may be studied. He should 

 do this, when possible, without cutting ; and when he does use the 

 scalpel and scissors he should do it slowly and carefully, and 

 always know exactly what he is about. It is also important that 

 the scalpel, forceps, and needle be held between the thumb and 

 the first and second fingers, like a pen, except when a good deal 

 of force must be exerted. 



The drawings must be clear and neat; they should be more 

 or less diagrammatic, and shouki be made with a hard drawing 

 pencil in a large blank book, the paper of which is firm and 

 strong, or on drawing paper. Previous training in drawing is not 

 necessary, as the principal object of the drawings is to show ac- 

 curately the relations of the various parts to one another, and 

 not to make pictures. Shading should usually not be done, and 

 all the lines should be firm and definite, The use of colors is 



