EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDUBES 



Brief mention must be made here of the necessity in all scientific research for 

 absolute honesty, to the minutest detail. One false entry or record, one faked oper- 

 ation or even incomplete data will ruin forever the reliability of all data collected by 

 that individual. Science must be a body of knowledge based upon fact , as truly as 

 the human mind can perceive it. One quickly discovers that facts in science are more 

 exciting than any concoction of the human imagination. 



DISCUSSION: In this section will appear all references to related or pertinent experi- 

 ments and objective discussion of their meaning with respect to the findings of the 

 data presented. The discussion should never be exhaustive, should never be a means 

 to "padding" the paper, and only those papers of recent date should be included. It 

 is presumed that intelligent readers will be familiar with the earlier works in the 

 field, and through references included, other and earlier references become avail- 

 able. The author should freely admit disparities, and point toward further work that 

 would be instructive. 



SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS: The summary may be a part of the discussion, although 

 some authors offer a single paragraph summary as the first of the items in the con- 

 clusion. In a proper discussion the points of a summary would naturally appear. 

 The conclusions, if no summary is offered, should start with a very succinct state- 

 ment of the project, animals used, and the general findings. Succeeding conclusion 

 statements would then relate the newly proven facts. It should be remennbered that 

 often a reader will read the introduction and the conclusions, possibly look at the 

 illustrations, in order to decide whether the material is of particular interest to him. 

 This lends importance to these sections. However, it is a cardinal error to include 

 in any summary or conclusions any statements not born out by the data of the paper. 



REFERENCES: There are many ways of presenting this information and one should con- 

 sult the Journal to which he intends to send the manuscript. In any case, a complete 

 reference should include the names and initials of all authors, the date of publication, 

 the complete title, and the detailed reference including the volume of the Journal and 

 the inclusive pages. This is a very important section of any scientific report. 



The general outline, therefore, for a manuscript would be as follows : 



Statement of purpose 



Materials and methods 



Experimental data 



Discussion 



Summary and conclusions 



References 



EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS NEEDED 

 BY EACH STUDENT IN EXPERIMENTAL EMBRYOLOGY 



OPTICAL EQUIPMENT 



Standard microscope with usual lenses; oil immersion optional. 

 Dissecting microscope (binocular): 



Objectives 1. 7 x and 3. 5 x most useful, with 10 x oculars. 



The U-shaped base should be removable for indirect lighting. 

 Microscope lamp: Spencer diaphragm most useful. 

 Heat absorbing flask: A 250 cc. round bottom Pyrex flask filled with distilled water and 



supported on vertical stand by screw clamp. This device will absorb the infra-red 



heat rays and also provide a means of concentrating the cold light. 



