48 BREEDING HABITS OF AMPHIBIA 



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"The foundation of all embryonic development consists of the 

 processes by which cells become differentiated from each other and 

 from their common progenitors. These processes of cellular dif- 

 ferentiation, though basic to an understanding of embryogeny , remain 

 largely unknown, although two )>iajor factors are generally recognized 

 as important in governing the course of cell development. First, the 

 genetic makeup of cells defines the limits and the potentialities of 

 their development, and, second, the diverse cellular environmoits of 

 the embryo elicit the specific developmental responses in cells which 

 lead to their maturation into the wide variety of cell types that char- 

 acterize the adult. The local and highly specific cell environments 

 are produced by cellular aclivily and are constantly clianging as the 

 responsible cells change. Tims, a continuously evolving, dynamic 

 intercliange between embryonic cells directs their differentiation 

 into specialized adult cells and finally into senescent cells incapable 

 of sustaining the life of the organism". From Markert and Silvers, 

 1956 Genetics 41:429-450, modified by Ebert 1960 in "Ageing", ed. , 

 N.W. Shocii, A.A.A.S. Pub. 



