TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES 



231 



Connections 

 with other 

 metabolic 



mechanisms 



Central Energy Pathways 



Exchanqes 



■with 

 medium. 



Other carbo 

 hydnatcs 



] 



NUCLEIC 

 ACIDS 



—J Glucosa Phosphates 



it 

 Fructose Phosphates I 



GLYCOLYSIS 



w 



Glycerol ■ . 



1 

 FATS 



Fatty 

 acids 



Amino 

 acids 



I Triose Phosphates 



Pyruvate U 



^>^ 



-^- 



^^"""" 



PROTEINS 



PESP/RATORY I Hydrogen"] 

 ENZYMES 



Cytochrome 

 System 



■ Glucose 



-» Lactate 



Carbon 

 dioxide 



_ |Oxyqen| 

 - | Water | 



AnaetobicaJIv I mole glucose — 2 moles lactate ■*■ 2 hiqh energy 



phosphate bonds (;=23.000cal). 

 Aarobically 1 mole qlucosa + SmolesOj -♦6moles CCi+6moles HjO* 

 ca 40hiqhenarqy phosphate bonds (=460.000 calj 



Interrelationships between the main metabolic pathways in animal cells 



Preparation of embryo extract 



(Figures reproduced with permission from 

 J. Paul's "Cell ana Tissue Culture" 1960, 

 E. & S. Livingston, Pub., Edinburgh.) 



