74 MAMMALS OF THE PACIFIC WORLD 



and sides of neck less extensive or on the crown and forehead 

 even wanting. On Mt. Kina Balu there is a monkey (canicrus) 

 in which both sexes resemble the female of hosei, except that the 

 crown and nape are brownish, there is no white spot on the fore- 

 head, and the forearm and lower legs are never blackish but 

 gray, strongly contrasting with the black hands and feet. In 

 the flat forest land between Paitan Bay and Sandakan Bay, 

 northeast Borneo,, another race (sahana) occurs. It is similar 

 to hoseiy except that the chin, cheek, and temples are black and 

 there is no white on the head, which is grayish black. 



The seventh group of leaf monkeys (Preshytis ruhicunda) of 

 Borneo is distinguished by its golden red or brown color and 

 pale reddish underparts. There is no sharp contrast in color 

 between the inside and outside of the legs as in the case of most 

 leaf monkeys. In typical ruhicunda from near Bettotan, North 

 Borneo, the feet and hands are black, while in the subspecies 

 ignita from Sarawak, the hands and feet are similar to or very 

 little darker than the arms and legs. On Karimata Island south- 

 west of Borneo a supposedly paler monkey (carimatce) is found. 



The eighth group {Preshytis frontata) of Borneo may be 

 identified by a naked or nearly naked patch on the forehead. 

 Typical frontata is dark brown or grayish brown on the back, 

 with black limbs, hands, and feet. The temples, brow fringe, 

 and cheeks in front of the ears are also black. The color of the 

 base of the tail, similar to the back, gradually becomes dark 

 ashy gray at the tip. The underparts are paler than the back. 

 This form is found in southeast Borneo. A subspecies (nudi- 

 frons) from Baj along, Sarawak, is said to be grayish brown 

 above and grayer below ; there are some white hairs on the sides 

 of the jaw. 



The Silvered Leaf Monkey {Preshytis pyrrhus) inhabits 

 the mainland, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bali, and the Natuna 

 Islands. P. pyrrhus pyrrhus, found in eastern Java, is usually 

 black with a varying amount of gray- or buff-tipped hairs. It 

 also has a red phase. The newborn young of this group are 



