172 MAMMALS OF THE PACIFIC WORLD 



Some of the mammals of Borneo appear to be related to 

 present Chinese or Indo-Chinese forms: a red-cheeked ground 

 squirrel, one of the slender-tailed tree shrews, and the proboscis 

 monkey which is probably allied to the golden monkeys and the 

 pied langurs. The ferret badger and banting may have reached 

 Borneo from Indo-China but they also occur in Java. Several 

 mammals known only from Borneo may have originated there, 

 although derived from continental ancestral types. They are 

 well-marked local species or genera such as several kinds of 

 bats, the maroon and white-fronted leaf monkeys, the proboscis 

 monkey, a form of banded palm civet, the Bornean mongoose, 

 the bay cat, several squirrels, and the pygmy tree rat. 



In addition to these mammals shared by Borneo only with 

 Sumatra, several mammals unknown in Java occur on Borneo 

 and Sumatra and also on the mainland. The pen-tailed tree 

 shrew, the large gymnure or "moonrat," the water shrew, several 

 kinds of bats, the pig-tailed macaque, banded leaf monkey, 

 Malay bear, a weasel, the hairy-nosed otter, the masked and 

 banded palm civets, otter civet, short-tailed mongoose, clouded 

 leopard, marbled cat, several sorts of flying squirrels, the long- 

 nosed ground squirrel, and the two-horned rhinoceros are such 

 mammals. 



Palawan and the nearby Caliamanes are related to Borneo 

 faunally much as Bali is to Java. Their fauna is much poorer ; 

 it includes none of the species found only in Borneo. The com- 

 mon tree shrew, scaly anteater, Malay badger, binturong, small- 

 clawed otter, mouse-deer, porcupine, and the Palawan flying 

 squirrel are mammals typical of the Malay Subregion. 



Java with Bali and Madura, which have less varied faunas, is 

 the home of fewer mammals than Sumatra and Borneo. Most 

 of the mammals are local races of species common to the Greater 

 Sunda Islands, but a few, like the Javan wild pig, are restricted 

 to the island. The banting and ferret badger, absent from 

 Sumatra and the lower Malay Peninsula, are common to Java 

 and Borneo. 



