SPECIES OF MAMMALS OF THE PACIFIC AREA 153 



The Sumatran Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros HumatranuH) is the 

 smallest of the family and also tlif- most hairy, especially when 

 youn^. This rhinoceros carries two horns, and the folds of the 

 brownish black skin are much less marked. On the mainland it 

 has much the same range as the Javan rhinoceros; on tijf; is- 

 lands it occurs in Sumatra and Borneo but not in Java. Its 

 habits are very similar to those of the Javan rhinoceros but 

 it prefers the thickest of forest jungle on rough mountain- 

 sides. Mud wallows are necessary for the health of this ani- 

 mal, and when found they are a sure indication that rhinoceros 

 are in the vicinity. Like the Javan rhinoceros it has been per- 

 sistently hunted for its horns and blood, used as medicine by the 

 Chinese, and consequently it is no longer found over much of 

 the country where it once existed. It also is doomed to ex- 

 tinction unless adequate protection is given it. 



Fig. 68 — Malay Tapir 

 Tapies. Family Tapieid^ 



This family includes the Old World and New World tapirs. 

 The New World tapirs are found in Central and South Amer- 

 ica while in the Old World the single species is found from 



