CILIARY ACTIVITY 35 



(Fig. 12). Analogous phenomena are seen in the heart of 

 the crab Maia. The low temperature at which irreversible 

 changes in the physical state of protoplasm are produced in 

 many marine organisms is well worth studying in its ecological 

 bearing on problems of distribution. 



The relation of electrolytes to the amoeba has recently been 

 studied with microdissection technique by Chambers and 

 Reznikoff (1925). Their results present a remarkably close 



30 ©c / 



VELOCITVatr ! 



VELOCITYatIO' / . 



30°C. 



Fig. 12. — Effect of temperature on velocity of Amoeboid movement 



(Pantin). 



analogy to the phenomena described by Clowes in oil- water 

 systems. When solutions of NaCl and KCl are injected into 

 the living amoeba a liquefaction of protoplasm takes place in 

 the neighbourhood of the injected area. When the chlorides of 

 calcium or magnesium are injected there is, however, an 

 immediate solidification of the adjacent protoplasm, the 

 affected portion being pinched off when calcium chloride is 

 used. In suitable proportions mixtures of sodium and calcium 

 chlorides have neither of these effects (iCa : 52Na). There 



