GENERAL METABOLISM— HORVATH and SPURR 



6 - 



O"- 



8 



SHIVERING 



8 



12 



16 



20 



24 



28 



4 



TIME IN HOURS 



Fig. 3. — Rectal temperature, pulmonary ventilation, ventilation equivalent and oxygen con- 

 sumption of an animal that was maintained at a rectal temperature of 25.0 ±0.1° C. for 17 hours 

 before rewarming occurred. 



The effect of reduced body temperature on carbohydrate metaboHsni has been 

 studied to some extent. According to Fuhrman and Crismon^- hyperglycemia in 

 animals cooled to about 20° C. was noted as early as 1855 by Claude Bernard. Other 

 investigators have also reported increased blood sugar as a result of hypothermia.^^- ^* 

 It has been demonstrated that lowering of the blood sugar by insulin injection re- 

 sulted in the cessation of shivering in cooled dogs and that administration of glucose 

 caused its reappearance.^^ Fuhrman and Crismon'- found that in shivering rats 

 provided with ample carbohydrate previous to cooling, blood glucose levels increased 

 during the initial phase of hypothermia, associated with a concomitant decrease in 



