DRUGS AND INTERNAL COOLING— DAMMANN and MULLER 



435 



supply of oxy<;enate(l I)lo()(l; a small amount of heparin is sufficient to keep the 

 blood liquid at low temperatures ; hemolysis is minimal ; the cannulation of peripheral 

 hlood vessels only supplies ade(|uate blood flow of about 10 to 20 ml/kj,ViiiiHite 

 and trauma to the large intrathoracic vessels is avoided ; the operating field is not 

 crowded by tul)es ; the collapsed lungs and the heart in arrest permit the leisure 

 and accuracy essential for the surgical repair or replacement of delicate anatomical 

 structures ; low blood flow and aortic pressure reduce the coronary flow to a mere 

 trickle; ventricular fibrillation is absent in quinidine pretreated animals; air em- 

 bolism does not occur since the heart in asystole does not eject blood and air into 

 the aorta ; tissue anoxia is prevented during rapid cooling and rewarming ; the time 

 for open cardiotomies is not limited to minutes, but to hours. 



Dr. R. W. Brauer: I should like to call your attention to yet another method of 

 cooling devised by Drs. F. W. Behmann and E. Bontke in Prof. Thauer's laboratory 

 at the Kerckhofif Institut, Bad Nauheim, Germany. In this procedure a plastic 

 catheter is introduced into the vascular system in such fashion that cooled brine can 

 be circulated through it, resulting in intravascular cooling of the blood. The general 

 arrangement is shown in figure 1. The catheter K is introduced into the femoral 

 vein and is guided under a fluoroscope past the heart to an exit point in the jugular 

 vein by means of a special auxiliary catheter with a pickup device. The temperature 

 of the circulating brine is regulated in passage through the thermostat bath Th, 

 equipped with heating and cooling systems. These are controlled by the relay R 

 activated by the rectal resistance thermometer W, and by the maximum-minimum 

 control Gr. The system allows rapid lowering of body temperature of lightly 



Fig. L— Diagram of Kerckhofif Institut hypothermia preparation using intravascular brine 



cooling of blood. 



