SPECIFIC AND NONSPECIFIC RESISTANCE 

 MATERIALS AND METHODS 



In all the experiments adult albino mice (Mus mus cuius ) were 

 randomized as to sex, age, and weight. The average weight of the 

 animals at the initiation of any experiment was 21 gm. The ambient 

 temperatures employed were 21° C and 2° C. The temperatures of 

 the rooms did not vary more than dc 1.5° C. The mice were placed 

 at 2 C following treatment and challenge at 21° C (acute exposure 

 of unacclimatized animals) or exposed to 2° C for varying periods, 

 treated, challenged, and observed at 2° C (acclimatized animals). 



Klebsiella pneumoniae was obtained from departmental stock 

 cultures, and Staphylococcus aureus , strain Fritchie, was obtained 

 from Doctor R, D. Higginbotham, University of Texas Medical 

 .Branch, Galveston, Texas. The organisms were maintained on blood 

 agar. Single colonies were transferred to tryptose phosphate broth 

 (Difco) or solid media and incubated at 37° C for 18 hours when 

 needed. 



Viruses used in these experiments were obtained from depart- 

 mental stock and from Doctor Duard L. Walker, University of 

 Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. The viruses were propagated and 

 assayed on monkey kidney cells using technic described by others 

 (Dulbecco and Vogt, 1954; Youngner,1954;Bubel,19 58;Bailey, 1960). 



Vaccines were prepared for specific immunization from the 

 bacterial and viral agents by the use of formalin inactivation. The 

 mice were immunized with intraperitoneal injections of the vaccines 

 contained in 0.1 ml volume. Sevendays were allowed to lapse before 

 challenge. Zymosan (lot OB 298, Fleischmann Laboratories, Stam- 

 ford, Connecticut) and Escherchia coli endotoxin (Difco 0293, 

 E. coli 055:B5) were used as nonspecific immunizing agents. The 

 details of the preparation and immunization schedules have been 

 previously described (Miya, Marcus, and Perkins, 1961; Marcus 

 et al., 1961a; Marcus et al., 1962). 



Measurements of the mouse core, shell, and upper respiratory 

 cavity temperatures were obtained with calibrated probes (Electric 



157 



