MIYA, MARCUS AND PHELPS 



stant level: now, I think this has been the experience that you 

 have had, too. 



PREVITE: My experiments were much shorter; they were 

 carried out within a day or two. 



MARCUS: Now, just a second. You said in a day or two. What 

 happened in a day or two? 



PREVITE: My results would agree in general with those that 

 you presented for the first day. The only thing I am puzzled 

 about is why, after it does stabilize, does it stabilize itself at 

 a temperature 2° C or 3° C higher? 



MARCUS: It is easy to guess about this. The animal in the 

 cold is passing off a lot of heat, and it has to maintain its tem- 

 perature. It eats five times or more as much as an animal does 

 at room temperature. We never measured the metabolic rate 

 involved, but it may be that it just sets this whole mechanism up, 



VIERECK: Maybe this would explain some of the contradictory 

 results. If you put an animal in the cold, it is good and bad for 

 him at the same time. It is bad for him if it is a stress; con- 

 sequently, if the animal is stressed by cold, he is suffering, and 

 thus less well able to cope with other stresses such as infection; 

 and at the same time, cold exposure could be considered as 

 being good for the animal inasmuch as it does speed up meta- 

 bolism. He is eating more, his oxygen consumption is higher, et 

 cetera. Now, here is an idea: Maybe this general speeding up of 

 metabolism includes protein metabolism. I don't know of any 

 evidence for this one way or another, other than food intake 

 studies. Now, if protein metabolism is speeded up, is it reason- 

 able to suspect that antibody formation would be coupled with 

 this and the synthesis of antibodies would be automatically in 

 a higher gear after the animal has been in the cold ? What do you 

 think of that? 



MARCUS: I discussed this with Dr. Trapani and he pointed 

 out that Dr. Whipple, employing plasmapheresis, showed that 

 there was no protein that was as metabolically effective as gamma 



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