ANDREWES 



CAMPBELL: Next year, I will be over. 



NORTHEY: I'd like to go one step further. How do you feel 

 that antibody really acts in these infections ? 



ANDREWES: Well, it seems to play more of a part than we 

 expected. With some of these other respiratory infections, you 

 seem to be able to get repeated infections in spite of the presence 

 of some antibody in the serum, but in the case of the common 

 cold viruses, it appears that if you have got an antibody of that 

 particular strain, you are likely to resist challenge by that par- 

 ticular strain. We were really surprised to find that there did 

 seem to be considerable relation between antibody and immunity. 



MET CALF: Is there a difference between the antibody titer 

 that you find in the serum and the nasal secretions, and if so, 

 is this likely to be of any significance ? 



ANDREWES: Well, we have looked for neutralizing things in 

 the nasal secretion, but that was some time ago before we really 

 got on to the way to grow these viruses, so I don't think we know 

 the answer to that question. In the case of influenza, of course, 

 you do get the same kind of antibody in the nasal secretions as 

 you do in the serum, but much less of it. 



MET CALF: I was thinking of the obvious relationship of a 

 fluid bathing a vulnerable point of cells subject to attack. 



ANDREWES: Of course, all the earlier work in that is muddled 

 up by the fact that people didn't appreciate the possible presence 

 of interferon. 



PREVITE: Just one naive question, not being very familiar with 

 virology. We often hear that there are many different viruses 

 capable of causing what we call the "common" cold. Has any- 

 one made any effort to ascertain how great and variable are 

 the number of viruses in any given area? 



ANDREWES: There have been a number of studies of that. 

 Dr. Harare in Chicago has published some work on that, and it 



316 



