THE GOLGI MATERIAL 



75 



into a number of elongated pieces, which formed a crown-like group and 

 then passed to the daughter cells. He called the pieces dictyosomes 

 and the entire process dictyokinesis. He reported a similar process in 

 certain mammals. In opossum spermatocytes, according to Duesberg 

 (1920), the process is much less regular; the network becomes a coiled 

 thread, irregular fragments lie scattered between the two nuclei at 

 anaphase, and the network is reconstructed in the daughter cells. In 

 insects, on the other hand, Bowen (1920) finds that the distribution 

 of the Golgi material is accomplished with much precision. In Euschistus, 

 for example, it consists of scattered plate-like bodies (Fig. 129), and, as 

 the nucleus prepares to divide, these bodies form a circular series at the 

 equator of the cell and then fragment, after which they pass toward the 

 poles in advance of the chromosomes. In some species they become 

 arranged in two ring-like groups, the migrating chromosomes passing 



/ 



't * •'» 





n 





^ 



Fig. 36. — The division of the Golgi material (dictyokinesis) in epithelial cells of the cornea 



of the cat. (After Deineka, 1912 ) 



through the rings. Eventually they lie scattered in the daughter cells 

 and undergo further fragmentation. 



The first clear account of dictyokinesis in somatic tissues was given 

 by Deineka (1912). In the connective and epithelial tissues of the cornea 

 in young dogs and cats he observed the fragmentation of the Golgi 

 net into small pieces which were distributed more or less fortuitously 

 as two groups to the daughter cells (Fig. 36). The process has been 

 observed since in other tissues. In a protozoon. King and Gatenby 

 (1923) find Golgi material in the form of rods which behave like those 

 of a metazoon at the time of cell-division. 



Role in Secretion. — Cytological phenomena in glandular tissues^ 



(Figs. 37 to 40) are of particular interest because of the evidence they 



furnish regarding the function of the Golgi material. Ordinarily the 



material lies between the nucleus and the side of the cell from which the 



secretion is delivered; such glandular cells have a definite physiological 



and morphological polarity. Cowdry (1922) and Reiss (1922) observed 



that a reversal in the secretory polarity is accompanied by a movement 



^ See the valuable review, with bibliography, by Bowen (1929c?); also Special 

 Cytology, ed. by Cowdry (1932), Sees. VI-X. 



