EFFECTS ON THE URINARY TRACT 



387 



scurvy, Hojer ('24) found renal atrophy, often combined with necrosis and 

 certain peculiar calcareous deposits. 



In aqueous inanition (thirst), Schuchardt ('47) found a loss of 25 per cent 

 in the weight of the kidneys in pigeons on dry barley diet, with loss of 34 per cent 

 in body weight. In a dog on dry diet with loss of 20.9 per cent in body weight, 

 Falck and Scheffer ('54) noted an apparent loss of only 8.7 per cent in the kid- 

 neys and ureter, but a loss of 34.9 per cent in the urinary bladder. In dogs on 

 dry food, Bowin ('80) found the epithelium of the renal tubules somewhat 

 atrophic and cloudy. 



In a dog on dry diet with loss of 24 per cent in body weight, Pernice and 

 Scagliosi ('95a) found the kidneys apparently normal in size, hyperemic, and 

 with slightly nodulated external surface. The relation of cortex and medulla 

 appeared normal. Microscopically the renal epithelial cells showed cloudy 

 swelling and indistinct nuclei; some cells containing fine fatty granules. In 

 places, the capsule space was filled with blood, compressing the glomerulus. 



FlG. 99. — Portion of a section of the kidney from a young fowl on aqueous inanition (dry 

 diet), ft, uriniferous tubules containing epithelial cells with "fatty degeneration;" gc, urinif- 

 erous tubule containing a granular cylinder; gl, an abnormal renal (Malpighian) corpuscle, 

 showing capsule and glomerulus (glomerulitis?) ; re, stroma, with small round cell infiltration. 

 X400. (Pernice and Scagliosi '95a.) 



Many uriniferous tubules were also filled with blood, and some contained hyalin 

 cylinders. In many glomeruli the vascular endothelium appeared greatly 

 proliferated; sometimes the capillary loops had lost their nuclei. Osmic 

 preparations showed marked fatty degeneration in many glomeruli. Small 

 round cell infiltration occurred around some of the glomeruli and tubules. The 

 epithelial cells showed proliferation, which might indicate regeneration. 



In 3 young chickens likewise fed a dry diet, the fresh kidney showed fatty- 

 granular degeneration, especially in the convoluted tubules, with partial destruc- 

 tion of the epithelium, especially in the collecting tubules. In general, there 

 was marked hyperemia and often hemorrhage in Bowman's capsules and in 

 the renal tubules. Stained sections also showed small cell infiltration around 

 the vessels and Bowman's capsule; and blood in the capsule spaces and tubules. 

 Cylinders (hyalin and cellular) occurred in the lumen of the tubules; and the 



