EFFECTS ON THE RESPIRATORY TRACT 365 



In hibernating marmots with loss of 8.3 per cent in body weight, Valentin 

 ('57) found an apparent loss of 4.14 per cent in the lungs with larynx, etc.; 

 with body loss of 35.5 per cent, the lungs, etc. lost 44.6 per cent. 



In 47 adult starved rabbits with average loss of about 39 per cent in body 

 weight, Manassein ('68, '69) found an average loss of 40 per cent in the weight 

 of the lungs. In 8 rabbits 2>/& months old, with loss of 33 per cent in body 

 weight, the lungs lost 30 per cent; and in 3 rabbits 23-25 days old, with loss 

 of 35 per cent in body weight, the lungs lost 25 per cent. In 2 starved cats, the 

 lungs apparently lost 29 per cent in weight; and in 2 starved crows the lungs lost 

 45 per cent. In 5 rabbits amply refed after a period of inanition, the lungs 

 appeared 22 per cent above normal weight. 



In dogs of various ages starved for various periods, Falck ('75) noted that 

 pleura and trachea appeared moist and glistening. The lungs were emphysema- 

 tous, and variably reddish in color. 



In 6 fasting rabbits (with or without water) with loss of 43.7 per cent in 

 body weight, Skoritschenko ('83) found an average loss of 21.75 P er cen t m 

 the weight of the lungs. 



In 3 rabbits and 1 kitten starved to death with or without water, Coen 

 ('90) found the pleura normal but the lungs atelectatic in some regions. In 

 some of the alveoli and around the bronchi in places there appeared accumula- 

 tions of red blood cells and especially leukocytes, indicating small foci of inflam- 

 mation. The bronchial mucosa and walls appeared normal, but the large 

 bronchi contained some mucus with leukocytes. 



Tonninga ('93) noted changes in the nitrogen content of the lungs and other 

 viscera in fasting rats and rabbits. Lukianow ('88, '89) investigated the 

 changes in water content of the lungs and other organs in pigeons during 

 inanition. 



Voit ('94) found the weight of the lungs practically the same in a dog fasting 

 22 days with loss of 32 per cent in body weight and in a normal control of the 

 same litter. 



Bich C95) observed normal appearance in the pleura and lungs (anemic) 

 in starved dogs. Bechterew ('95) found that in fasting newborn kittens and 

 puppies the lungs lose relatively less than the body as a whole, and hence gain 

 in relative weight. 



In fasting guinea pigs with average losses of 10, 20, 30 and 36 per cent in 

 body weight, Lazareff ('95) found corresponding losses of 0.93, 0.31, 0.62 and 

 4.97 per cent in the weight of the lungs (Table 5). 



In hyperthermic animals (dog, rabbit, guinea pig), with or without water, 

 Kusmin ('96) noted that the lungs and heart may increase in weight (probably 

 in association with their increased functional activity), even during loss in the 

 body weight. Bloody pleural exudates were also observed. 



In 3 fasting rabbits (on water only), Weiske ('97) found the apparent loss 

 of weight in the lungs over 50 per cent, with loss of 35-41 per cent in body 

 weight. Sedlmaier ('99), on the other hand, found a slight increase in the 

 weight of the lungs in 1 starved cat (body weight loss 50.6 per cent), and a loss 

 of about one-third in another (body weight loss 54.6 per cent). 



