366 INANITION AND MALNUTRITION 



Konstantinowitsch ('03) found the lungs congested and unchanged in 

 weight in starving rabbits. No fat was found in the alveolar epithelium of 

 starved rabbits and guinea pigs. Opie ('04) found a decreased number of 

 eosinophile cells in the lung of guinea pigs during prolonged fasting. Roger 

 ('07) noted the water content of the lungs and other organs in a fasting rat. 

 Beeli ('08) in cats killed at various stages of inanition found the lungs collapsed 

 and nearly normal in appearance, with but slight apparent loss in weight in 

 the earlier stages, but proportional to the loss in body weight in the extreme 

 stage. 



In guinea pigs on acute inanition (water only), Rondoni and Montagnani 

 ('15) found the lungs normal in appearance; in chronic inanition (underfeeding), 

 the lungs appeared slightly hyperemic, and irregularly atelectatic; some of 

 the bronchi showed slight hemorrhagic suffusion. 



Sundwall ('17) in starved albino rats found the lungs extremely congested, 

 the alveolar walls thickened and the alveoli often filled with blood. 



In adult albino rats on acute inanition (water only) with loss of ^t, per cent 

 in body weight, Jackson ('15) found a loss of 31 per cent in the weight of the 

 lungs; and in chronic inanition, with body loss of 36 per cent, a loss of 40 per 

 cent in the lungs (Table 4). In rats held at constant body weight by under- 

 feeding from 3 to 10 weeks of age the lungs lost only 15 per cent. Stewart 

 ('18) observed a loss of 26 per cent in the lungs of rats underfed from birth to 

 3 or 10 weeks of age; but a slight increase (3 per cent) in the lungs of those held 

 at birth weight for 16 days (Stewart '19). Barry ('20, '21) found the lungs 39 

 per cent below normal weight in the stunted offspring of albino rats severely 

 underfed during pregnancy (Table 4). 



In young albino rats amply refed after underfeeding (maintenance) from 

 3 to 12 weeks of age, Stewart ('16) found the lungs still somewhat below normal 

 weight in 1 week, but somewhat above thereafter. Jackson and Stewart ('19) 

 found the lungs practically normal or above in weight upon refeeding to 25, 

 50 and 75 g. in body weight after underfeeding from birth for various 

 periods (Table 7). In rats underfed by Jackson and Stewart ('20) from birth 

 to 3, 10 and 20 weeks, and then refed to adult size, the lungs appeared slightly 

 subnormal (12-15 P er cent) in weight, but 31 per cent above normal in those 

 refed after underfeeding nearly 1 year (Table 8). 



Asada ('19) noted intense congestion of the capillaries and small arteries 

 of the lung and other organs in rabbits fasting 11-20 days, with loss of 28-52 

 per cent in body weight. Trowbridge, Moulton and Haigh ('18, '19) and 

 Moulton, Trowbridge and Haigh ('22a) in steers on various planes of nutrition 

 found the lungs nearly proportional to the body weight. Terroine ('20) noted 

 the changes in the fat content of the lungs and other organs of fasting 

 animals. 



Ott ('24) found the weight of the lungs in fasting frogs so variable as to 

 render conclusions uncertain. There appears to be a marked increase in lung 

 weight (not due merely to water absorption) in the earlier stages; this persists 

 throughout in the female, but in the male the lungs show a decrease in the 

 later stages (Table 6). 



