Balloon Ascensions 193 



acceleration of the respiratory rhythm and of the arterial circulation, 

 very noticeable in all, was in very different proportions in the different 

 subjects. M. Jobert, whose respiratory rate is normally only 10, had a 

 rise to 20; his pulse, normal at 100, reached a maximum of only 130. 

 That of M. Penaud rose from 68 to 104, the respiratory rate from 25 

 to 45. M. Croce-Spinelli: normal pulse, 72; maximum pulse, 116, at 

 an altitude of 3500 meters. At 500 meters it was only 86. The number 

 of inspirations went from 40 to 64. M. Sivel: normal pulse, 80; maxi- 

 mum, 108; respiration went from 25 to 40. Dr. Petard: normal pulse, 

 87; maximum, 110; normal respiration, 26; maximum, 35. 



These data show that the increase in inspirations reached an 

 average of 8/5 of the normal value, but that the increase in pulse rate 

 varied according to the temperaments. While this increase was from 

 7 to 11 for lymphatic temperaments, it was from 10 to 13 for sanguine 

 temperaments. 



I could not observe, by the pneumo-dynamometer, any appre- 

 ciable difference in the expansion of the lungs. 



The pulse was generally full and regular; but it was not possible 

 to make graphs of it, since we were not able to use sphygmographs 

 on account of the drop in temperature, which made exposure of the 

 skin painful. (P. 120.) .... 



We felt a sensation of peculiar well-being impossible to -describe, 

 although it was expressed by words and mien. 



The two celebrated ascents to great height (7300 meters and 

 8600 meters) carried out by my regretted colleagues Croce-Spinelli 

 and Sivel, having been undertaken after the first publication of 

 the results of my researches, their account will naturally be 

 placed in the third part of this book. 



In conclusion, I shall merely quote an account of an English 

 aeronaut, Simons, who on July 9, 1874, started from Cremorne 

 Garden, in London, taking Groof, the Flying Man, with his compli- 

 cated apparatus suspended under the basket. 



The balloon contained 27,000 cubic feet; at 1000 feet, Groof 

 disengaged himself, and falling head first, was dashed upon the 

 ground. Groof and his machine weighed 130 kilograms: 



I looked over the edge of the basket (says Simons), but I was 

 rising so rapidly that I lost consciousness until I was over Victoria 

 Park." 



But I hasten to add that we should not have too great confi- 

 dence in the ascents of Simons, who certainly deviated from the 

 truth in his replies during the inquest on this painful event. 



1 Manuscript preserved in the Library of the Institute, under the title of Second Memoire 

 de M. Charles sur V Aerostatique, 1784. See also L' Art de voyager dans les airs ou les ballons. 

 specifying the means of making aerostatic spheres, following the method of MM. de Montgolher 

 and the procedures of MM. Charles and Robert. Paris, 1784, without an authors name (by 

 Piroux, according to the Uictionnaire des Anonymes de Barbier). 



-De Aerostation usu medicinae applicando. Theses de Montpelher, LS4. 



