592 Experiments 



Immediately after, respiration increased to 70 per minute; the 

 pulse rises to 140; the rectal temperature is 38.5°. At the end of 10 

 minutes, 72 cc. of blood taken from the same artery . . . B 



The pipe of the bellows is fitted to a bag of carbonic acid; after 

 15 minutes of artificial respiration, the heart stops. 55 cc. of blood 

 immediately taken from the left heart by a cannula inserted through 

 the left carotid . . . . C 



The rectal temperature is then 36°. 



Blood A contains per 100 volumes: O 19.7; CO 36.7. 



Blood B contains per 100 volumes: Os 20.7; CO 30.1. 



Blood C contains per 100 volumes: Oa 5.2; CO2 90.2. 



We see that the rapidity of the respiratory movements, or more 

 generally, that the passage through the lungs of a greater quantity 

 of air in a given time has a double result: an increase in the pro- 

 portion of the oxygen of the blood, and a decrease in the propor- 

 tion of carbonic acid, the increase of the oxygen being much less 

 than the decrease of the carbonic acid. 



In order to study the influence of the state of repose or of the 

 muscular contractions of the animal, and to isolate it from all cir- 

 cumstances of another sort, I killed a dog by section of the medulla, 

 and then carried on artificial respiration in a regular manner. At 

 the end of some time, the animal being naturally in complete im- 

 mobility, I drew blood; then, by means of a strong induced current 

 passing through the body from the mouth to the anus, I obtained 

 general energetic movements that were more or less numerous, 

 after which I drew blood again. 



Here are the results of an experiment carried on in. this way. 



Experiment CLVIII. November 12. Strong dog weighing 15 kilo- 

 grams. Medulla cut; artificial respiration fixed at 15 per minute for 

 5 minutes. Then drew 25 cc. of blood from the carotid ... A 



Spinal cord then excited from medulla to anus by strong induced 

 currents which cause general convulsions, especially in the posterior 

 members. Artificial respiration is continued in the same rhythm. 

 After 5 minutes of excitation, 25 cc. of carotid blood drawn . . . B 



Blood A contains per 100 volumes: Oj 26.6; CO^ 31.2. 



Blood B contains per 100 volumes: Oa 18.2; CO* 28.8. 



But we must realize that in the ordinary and natural state of 

 things the two phenomena which we have artificially separated 

 are combined, mingle, and superadd their effects, which then coun- 

 terbalance each other. In the vast majority of cases, indeed, an 

 animal which struggles breathes more frequently and deeply, and, 

 conversely, repose accompanies a calmer and slower respiration. 



