General Index 



Progeria, 134 ff. 



adult, 135 



infantile, 134 

 'Programme', 41, 138, 139 



exhaustion of, 41, 80 

 Prolongation of life, 195 ff. 

 Protein, half-life of body-, 34 



changes in, with age, 169, 183 

 Protozoa, 9, 114 ff. 

 Puberty 



growth at, 185 



mechanism initiating, 179 



pituitary factors in, 180 



precocious, 179, 188 



senescence consequent on, 150, 

 196 

 Punjab, longevity in, 110 

 Purkinje cells, 163n. 



Quakers, 122 



Queens, insect, 57, 92, 100 



Rabbit, 32, 47, 49, 125, 179 

 Radar units, failure rate, 33 

 Rat, 18, 24, 26, 32, 43, 47, 76, 129, 

 130, 133, 148-51, 152, 153, 155, 

 167, 180-1, 186, 187 

 Rate of living, 9-10, 138 ff. 



of mortality, 17 

 Rates of change, decline, 157 

 Redstart, 109 

 Redwing, 110 

 Regulators, of specific size, 12-13 



of growth, 153 ff. 

 Rejuvenation, 178, 196 



of planarians, 83 

 Reproduction, 8, 31, 99, 132, 133 



of cellular enzymes, 165, 169 



decline with age, 31-2 



of organelles, 115-16 

 Reptiles, 51-2, 67, 77-9, 159 

 Resistance, declining, senescence as, 



11 

 Reversibility, of senescence, 9-10, 



83, 178, 196 

 Rhabdocoelians, 84 

 Rhinoceros, 46 



Rings, growth, 55, 105, 106-7 

 Risk, variation in, 18, 21, 25 

 Robin, 49, 109 

 Rodents (see also individual species), 



47,49 

 Roman funerary inscriptions, 112 

 Rotifers, 14, 35, 44, 59, 80, 84-91, 



113, 125, 140, 165 

 Ruminants, 47 

 Rush, Benjamin, 3 

 Russia, 61, 129, 170 



Salamander, 67 



Salmon, 54 



Sea anemones, 47-8, 80, 81 



Seals, 47-8, 54 



Selection, natural, 9, 37 ff., 189 ff. 



against senescence, 39, 40 

 Self-maintaining vertebrates, 67, 



159 ff. 

 Senescence (see under names of 

 organisms and systems) 



contributory factors, 190 



criteria of, 26-30 



definition of, 1, 4, 7 



distribution, 42 ff. 



evolution, 9, 10, 31, 32, 37 ff., 161, 

 190, 191 



forms of, 33 ff. 



measurement, 17 ff. 



physiological, 92 



rate of, 1 1 



sudden, in man, 135 



theories regarding, 7 ff., 189 



as undirected process, 190 



in wild populations, 108 ff. 

 Senile change, in individual, 26 

 Senile mortality, 18, 195 

 Senility, premature, 134 ff. 

 Serpulids, 84 



Sex differences in longevity, 130 ff. 

 Sexual activity, effect on life-span. 



99, 132, 133 

 Sexuality, 2 

 Sheep, 21, 43 



mouflon, 28, 44 



mountain, 111 



251 



