550 



INDEX 



North River, 6; ice in, 36; density, 44; oyster 

 culture in, 154 



North Sea, production, 368; percentage of 

 world production, (chart) 369 



Nova Scotia, alewives in, 109 



Nutrients, upwelling and, 37; river discharge 

 and, 49-50; and land drainage, North Caro- 

 lina, 64-65; chemical fertility, of ocean, in- 

 exhaustible, 301 ; in sea water and fish, 364- 

 67. See Salinity, River discharge 



Nutrient salts, distribution of, 36 



Nutritive values, of oysters, 152; of fish, 304; 

 of fish meal, 359 



"Nylock" (nylon), fish nets, 311 



Ocracoke Inlet, 10; tidal currents in, 15; trawl 

 fishery in, 32 ; tidal delta, Fig. 25, opp. p. 56; 

 oyster enemies, 151; region of, hard clam 

 production in, 166-68; as a fishing ground, 

 259; mentioned, 46 



Ocracoke Island, described, 50 



Odors, effect of, 339 



Offshore bar, geography of, 50 ff., 68 



Oil, fish, from various species of fish, 86-87; 

 vitamins in, 86, 357; marine animal, quan- 

 tities and values, (table) 87; manufacture 

 of, 357-58; production statistics, Appendix 

 table No. 62. See Fish oil 



Okeechobee Lake, Florida, 290 



Old, Marcus C, oyster, enemy of, sponge, 151 



Onslow County. See Counties, coastal, N. C. 



OPA controls, lifted, 331, 448 



Oregon Inlet, tidal prism in, (table) 10, 11, 

 (table) 12, (chart) 13; seaward flow 

 through, 11; mentioned, 5 



Orton, J. H., oyster, European, sex reversal, 

 ISO 



Orton Plantation, 261 



Otter trawl, 192, 310; for shrimp, 417 



Overfishing, general, 81, 289, 307, 314, 369-71; 

 economic limit to, 319; economic effect of, 

 403 ff.; of shad, 112-14; terrapin, 219; oys- 

 ter, 142, 144, 414 



Oyster, Olympia (0. lurida), 142; Japanese 

 (0. gigas), 142 



Oyster, {Ostrea virginica), importance of, 141- 

 42 ; history, ancient, 142 ; early and recent, 

 143-45; bibliography of, cited, 142; decline 

 in production, 142-43; surveys, 142; pro- 

 duction, Maryland, and North Carolina, 

 (table) 144; natural history of, 145-51; pro- 

 duction, historical (table) 146; spawning, 

 147; early development, 147-48; setting, 

 148; growth rate, 148; temperature effects, 

 148; salinity, 149; bottom, 149; food, 149; 

 water pumping, 150; sex reversal, 150; 

 "coon", 150-151, 154; enemies and parasites 

 of, 151, 158; sanitary regulations, 151; 

 pollution areas, 58, 152; nutritive value of, 

 152; culture, 152-55; on leased bottom, 153; 



industry, 155-57; production, pounds and 

 value of, by States (table) 156; shucking 

 plants, location of, 157; labor in producing, 

 157; quality, (discussion) 157; marketing, 

 159; mechanical harvester, 168; statistical 

 procedure, 377; economic behavior of, 408, 



413-19; 423, 432 

 Oyster Growers and Dealers Association of 



North America, 461 

 Oyster Institute of North America, 461 



Pacific coast, region, pilchard, 85 ; seaweed, 

 233 ; fishery statistical data, 398, 399, Ap- 

 pendix tables, Nos. 47, 51; discussion, 400, 

 401 



Packaging, 350; at sea, 362-63 



Pamlico County, oysters, leasing of bottoms 

 prohibited, 159; crabs in, (tables), 210, 214. 

 See Counties, coastal, N. C. 



Pamlico River, 11; alewives in, no; striped 

 bass in, 124 



Pamlico Sound, area and volume of, 3 ; map 

 of, 4; description of, 5; discharge into, 11; 

 salinity, (charts) 37-38, 39; drainage into, 

 41; salinity, 44, 46; isohalines, 46; gray 

 trout in, 126, 127; spot in, 129; oysters, 

 beds discovered, 143 ; oysters, bulk of, N. C, 

 produced in, 155; shucking houses on, 157; 

 shrimp in, 194; crabs in, 207, 209 



Parr, A. E., water temperatures, Atlantic, 21; 

 extensive quotation, 23, (charts) 24, 25; 

 quotation, 26; seasonal changes, 32; men- 

 tioned, striped bass, 123 



Pasquotank County. See Counties, coastal, 

 N. C. 



Pasquotank River, 5 ; ice in, 36 



Pearson, J. C, water temperatures, 23 ; winter 

 trawl fishery, 30-32, (chart) 31; offshore 

 bottom, nature of, 57; landings of catch, 

 66; speckled trout, spawning, 127; spot, 128, 

 129; shrimp, eggs and development of, 196- 

 97 



Pease, Herbert D., oyster shells, Indian 

 mounds, 142 ; oysters, food value of, 152 



Peck, James I., food of menhaden, 100-102 ; 

 on food of squeteague, 313 



Pelican, Shrimp Survey (1940), 201 



Pender County, oyster bottoms, leasing of, 159. 

 See Counties, coastal, N. C. 



Penny, Shrimp Survey (1949), 201 



Perishability, economic effects, 321 



Periwinkle (Littorina), production of, 185 



Perlmutter, A., spawning of menhaden, 9S-99 



Perquimans County. See Counties, coastal, 

 N. C. 



Photosynthesis, efficiency of, 64, 65, 66; pro- 

 duction by, in ocean, inexhaustible, 301 ; 

 land and sea compared, 364 



Phototropism, shrimp, 197 



Physiological basis of food economics, 334 



