GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHERN SEAS 



71 



Table 27. Scheme for typological division of the bodies of water of the Arctic, 

 sub- Arc tic and boreal regions 



Arctic 



Open 



Semi-closed 



Sub-Arctic Open 



Boreal 



2. 



3. 



Semi-closed 8. 



Open 



10. 



Semi-closed 1 1 . 



High Arctic epicontinental (Kara and Laptev Seas, 

 etc., up to Crown Prince Gustav Sea and the shal- 

 low parts of Baffin Bay) 



High Arctic deep-water (Arctic basin, deep parts of 

 the Greenland Sea and Baffin Bay) 

 Lower Arctic epicontinental (Barents Sea, waters off 

 northern Iceland, and southern Greenland coastal 

 waters) 



Lower Arctic deep-water (Davis Strait) 

 High Arctic epicontinental (White Sea and 

 Hudson's Bay) 



Sub- Arctic epicontinental (north Norwegian coastal 

 waters, south Icelandic waters) 

 Sub-Arctic deep-water (Norwegian Sea) 

 Sub-Arctic epicontinental deep-water (deep part of 

 Baltic Sea) 



Boreal epicontinental (Faroe waters, North Sea 

 waters around the British Isles, epicontinental parts 

 of the Bering and Okhotsk Seas and the Sea of 

 Japan) 



Deep-water boreal (Bay of Biscay, the depths of the 

 northern Atlantic, deep parts of the Bering and 

 Okhotsk Seas and the Sea of Japan) 

 Boreal epicontinental (Kattegat, Sounds, Belts, the 

 surface layers of the Baltic Sea) 



detail from that drawn by us between the lower Arctic and high Arctic sub- 

 regions, specially for the Kara Sea. The southern half of the Kara Sea 

 undoubtedly should be referred to the high Arctic sub-region (Dunbar's 

 Arctic). Moreover the White Sea could not, from Dunbar's point of view, be 

 included in the sub- Arctic, since it is not a zone of the mixed polar and non- 

 polar waters, neither is the southern half of the Kara Sea. 



