732 



BIOLOGY OF THE SEAS OF THE U.S.S.R. 



It is more probable that the deep-water fish took a geologically long time to 

 be formed and that the duration of their evolution varies. Rass pointed out 

 the existence of a series of transitional groups (for instance Brotulidae and 

 Moridae). The group of ancient deep-water fish of the Far Eastern Seas and 



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Fig. 355. Distribution of the biocoenoses of bottom-living fauna in northwestern 

 part of Pacific Ocean (Zenkevitch and Filatova). / Fouling fauna (Porifera, Bryozoa, 

 Hydroida and others); 2 Biocoenosis Echinarachnius parma; 3 Biocoenosis of small 

 bivalves ; 4 Biocoenosis Elpidiidae-Psychropotidea-Porcellanasteriidae and others ; 

 5 Biocoenosis Spinula; 6 Biocoenosis Elpidia-Macellicephalis-Thalassema and 



others. 



the adjacent part of the Pacific Ocean includes about 60 species, belonging to 

 25 families. 



T. Rass (1955) gives a list of 46 species belonging to 31 genera of deep-water 

 fish of the Kuril-Kamchatka trench, pointing out that 25 of them are found 

 off the shores of America, 15 or 16 species are recorded in the waters of Japan, 

 12 in the Sea of Okhotsk, 14 in the Bering Sea and 5 in the Gulf of Panama. 

 Moreover, all the deep-water fish of the Sea of Okhotsk were found in the 



