REFERENCES 



The reference list is composed along the following lines. 



The names of the authors are given in transcription adopted by the authors. 

 In many instances the Russian authors spell their names in various ways : the 

 spelling varies in regard to the specific language in which the paper or the 

 summary is presented. For example, the same name may be spelled as: 

 Zinova and Sinova, Vodyanitzky and Wodianizky, Virketis and Wirkettiss, 

 Tchugunov and Tschugunoff, Stschapova, Scapova and Schapova, Ouchakoff 

 and Uschakov etc. Owing to this discrepancy the author places other versions 

 of spelling in brackets. These are followed by the translation of each paper's 

 title into English. To reduce the general size of the reference part the author 

 has made provisional abbreviation attached to the titles of journals, proceed- 

 ings, institutes, laboratories etc. which frequently appear in the text of the 

 book. The abbreviations are adopted in accordance with the initial letters 

 commonly referred to in Russian scientific papers. The next symbol introduced 

 into brackets is R — which shows that the paper is written only in Russian ; 

 E.s. — which indicates that an English summary is available ; F.s. — which 

 indicates that a French summary or G.s. — German summary is available. 

 Ed. stands for Edition. 



A list of abbreviations in regard to institutions, journals, proceedings etc. 

 is given, and figures following the title of the journal, proceedings or symposia 

 reflect the volume and issue ; for example, Z.J. 18, 2 should be read as follows : 

 Zoological Journal, Vol. 18, Issue 2. 



In the course of compiling the reference list the author was guided by the 

 fact that the Russian language is little known abroad and, hence, the papers 

 written in Russian are not widely read or used in the course of scientific 

 bibliographies ; in many cases papers in Russian are frequently not mentioned 

 at all. This fact should be ascribed partly to linguistic difficulties and partly to 

 the difficulty of finding the Russian papers scattered in various publications. 



The author hopes that tins book and the reference list included will help 

 to disseminate knowledge about the advances of marine biology in Russia. 



The reference list of Russian works is incomplete. An overwhelming num- 

 ber of papers devoted to classification, the faunistics and the biology of 

 marine fauna and flora, ichthyology and commercial fisheries, the physical 

 and chemical oceanography and marine geology are not included into the list. 

 The total coverage of the vast literature throughout the last forty years should 

 run as high as 10,000 titles. 



A more complete, and in some cases a more exhaustive, list can be found 

 in a series of books and papers included in scientific periodicals. For informa- 

 tion it is advisable to refer to K. Derjugin's (1936) and L. Zenkevich's (1937) 

 works on the period covering the entire number of the water reservoirs of the 

 USSR; the southern seas are reviewed in N. Maximov's (1958) and V. Niki- 

 tina's (1934, 1939-40) reference list and also in N. Romanova's (1955) and 



