INDEX 



741 



cardiac muscle contractility and, 163, 



165-171 

 chemical state in tissue, 167 

 depolarization and, 166 

 deprivation, heart muscle and, 171 

 effiux 



factors affecting, 1 70 



in heart, 167 

 electrocardiogram and, 167, 390-391 

 equilibration in tissues, 168 

 influx 



factor affecting, 1 70 



in resting tissue, 168 

 glycosides and, 186 

 locus of action on contractility, 1 70 

 membrane 



"clamp" potential, action potentia 

 and, 161 



permeability, 169 

 Na influx and, 391 

 nonexchangeable, 168 

 partition 



in connective tissue, 1 68 



in muscle, 168 

 QT interval and, 391 

 ratio ionized to total, 168 

 relation to magnesium, 1 7 1 

 transport 



abnormal stimulation and, 169 



resting cells, 1 69 



stimulation and, 169 

 twitch tension and, 166 

 V wa\e and, 383 

 Capillaries 



elastic tissue in, 91 

 exchange of substances, 4-5 

 flow, regulation, 5 

 leakage, plasma volume and, 36 

 network, diagiam of and A-V link- 

 ages, 5 

 pore size, 34-35 

 resistance to pressure, 91 

 tension in walls, 91 

 Carbon dioxide 



electrocardiogram and, 387 

 elimination, venoarterial shunts, 479 

 pressure, mean corpuscular volume 



and, 30 



Carbon monoxide 



as cell label, 40 



Cardiac : see Heart 



Cardiac acoustics 



bundle branch block and, 708 

 carotid artery pulse and, 704 

 correlation with hemodynamics, 730 

 electrocardiogram, 703 

 expiration and, 707 

 heart block and, 707 

 inspiration and, 706 

 intravascular pressure and, 699 

 isovolumetric relaxation and, 698 

 jugular venous pulse and, 703 

 localization, 728, 729, 730, 731 



low frequency, 704 



physiological basis, 698-729 



physiological parameters, 703 



ventricular isometric relation and, 712 



see also Phonocardiography; Heart 

 sounds; Heart murmurs 

 Cardiac arrest 



cardiac glycogen and, 209 

 Cardiac autoregulation, 489-503 

 Cardiac control 



H; field of Forel and, 545 



neural mechanisms of, 545-547 



postural responses, 540 



preventricular sump, 541 



see also Heart 

 Cardiac cycle 



at rest and exercise, 568 



electrokymography and, 655 



heart sounds and, 698 



stellate ganglion stimulation and, 512 



ventricular and atrial volume changes, 



569 

 Cardiac decompensation 

 blood volume and, 55 

 Cardiac electrophysiology 

 action potentials, 161 



inhomogeneity, 358 



ionic theory and, 262 



patterns in, 324 



superimposability, 263, 264 



transmembrane, 275 

 active ceil inembrane, 246-258 

 active Na and K transport, 243-245 

 analysis of two-dimensional electro- 



tonus, 281 

 autorhythmicity, 275 



nerve stimulation, 276 

 capacitati\e current, 248 

 chord conductance and, 266 

 conductance at constant voltage, 254 

 depolarization, 259, 354 

 dipole 



movement, definition, 326 



theory of, 325 

 electrotonic potential in atria, 281 

 excitability 



potassium and, 160 



quinidinc and, 177 



veratrum alkaloids and, 180 

 external ion concentration and, 245- 



246 

 generation of resting potential, 245 

 hypothetical current, potential rela- 

 tions, 268 

 injury potentials, 283 

 intercellular 



transmission, 279 



recording, 259 

 ion equilibrium potential, 240 

 isopotential contour map of atria, 280 

 membrane 



capacitance and, 239 



current and, 247 



ionic theory and, 238 



properties of cells, 258 



resistance and, 239 



voltage clamping, 249 

 model behavior in repolarization, 274 

 passive ion movements, 239-243 

 passive membrane properties, 279 

 polarizing current pulses, 265 

 potassium and, 263 



conductance and, 251 

 potentials from pacemaker region, 292 

 problems, 238 

 repolarization, 262, 354 



hypotheses, 271 



mechanisms of, 268 



threshold, 270 

 resting cell membrane and, 239-246 

 resting potential, generation of, 245 

 single fiber, electrical field, 325 

 slope conductance and, 266 



current and, 267 

 sodium conductance, 252 

 sodium pump and, 244 

 spontaneously beating Purkinje strand, 



265 

 sympathetic stimulation and, 2 78 

 type of transmission, 279 

 vagal stimulation, transmembrane po- 

 tentials, 277 

 voltage clamping, 248-250 

 see also Ventricular electrophysiology 

 Cardiac excitation 

 abnormal, 313-318 

 circus movement, 315 

 direction of wave, 306, 351, 353 

 distribution of fibers and, 350 

 flutter and fibrillation and, 315 

 functional anatomy, 287 

 left bundle branch block and, 361 

 ino\ement of depolarizing wave front, 



308 

 myocardial infarction and, 316 

 myocardial ischemia and, 316 

 normal, 291-313 



and ectopic beats, 358 

 pattern of ventricle, 350 

 propagation velocity, drugs and, 359- 



360 

 S-deflection and, 369 

 threshold, 395 



translation of isochrones into path- 

 ways of excitation, 354 

 Cardiac glycosides 

 calcium and, 186 

 depolarization and, 188 

 EGG and, 391 

 heart muscle 



contractility and, 186 



ionic composition and, 185 

 membrane 



permeability and, 188 



potential and, 187 



transport and, 184 



