INDEX 



745 



functions of, 98 

 Electrocardiogram 

 acceleration and, 39^2 

 age and, 386 

 alternans, 398 

 anoxia and, 387 

 anoxic effects, theory, 388 

 apex, use in diagnosis, 705 

 atrial 



depolarization and, 294 



excitation and, 294 



gradient, 368 

 autonomic innervation and, 388 

 A-V block and, 294 

 bodily work and, 387 

 bundle branch block and, 314 

 bundle of His and, 350 

 calcium and, 167 

 carbon dioxide and, 387 

 cardiac acoustics and, 703 

 cardiac glycosides and, 391 

 comparative, 400-402 

 comparison of dog and man, 291, 309 

 coupling of electrical and mechanical 



events, 384 

 definition, 323, 329 

 depolarization and repolarization, late, 



318 

 diagnosis of congenital defects, 423 

 diurnal variations, 385-386 

 dog, ion changes and, 391 

 drugs and, 391 

 ectopic beats and, 398 

 factors influencing, 386-392 

 fatigue, 400 

 fetal, 392 



from normal chest leads, 369 

 from various sites in A-V conduction 



system, 296 

 hypoglycemic shock and, 390 

 hypothermia and, 392 

 hypoxia and, 387 

 in A-V block, 368 

 individual properties of, 385 

 infarcts and, 390 



interpretation of, 324, 353, 354-365 

 intervals, heart rate and, 370 

 ion permeability and, 386 

 ions and. 390 



laboratory and domestic animals, 402 

 magnesium and, 171, 172 

 man, Na deficiency and, 391 

 mechanical events and, 384-385 

 metabolism and, 389 

 mirror patterns, 335 

 myocardial injury and, 316 

 normal 



lead II, 290 



orthogonal, mean durations in, 371 



orthogonal \ectocardiogram, re- 

 sults, 374 



with standard leads, 366 



Osborn-wave, 392 



pacemaker and, 392-393 



plasma K and, 391 



position of heart and, 309 



potential distribution of R, S, and T, 



370 

 pregnancy, 392 

 quinidine and, 392 

 rabbit, ion changes and, 391 

 repolarization, 377-383 

 significance of components, 291 

 size of deflections in normal adults, 



367 



theories of rhythms, 392-400 



time relations, body temperature and, 

 401 



U wave, 383-384 



ungulate, 313 



\alue of, 324 



variability, 385-386 



ventricular activation and, 309 



ventricular depolarization and, 294 



ventricular excitation and, 304 



VVolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, 298 



see also under various waves or seg- 

 ments 

 Electrocardiography 



Burger triangle and, 329, 339 



close bipolar system, 342 



comparison of different heart vector 

 leads, 341 



comparison of various electrode sys- 

 tems, 345 



compass electrode, schema, 352 



concentric electrodes, 343 



Condorelli system, 339 



criteria for best method, 338 



cubic systems to determine sagittal 

 component, 339 



depolarization and repolarization, basic 

 assumptions, 356 



different lead systems, 338 



dipoles and their fields, 332-333 



Duchosal "double cube," 341 



Einthoven triangle, 330, 339 



electrical systole, 382 

 critique of, 383 



electrode combination for sagittal 

 component, 342 



esophageal leads, 346 



genesis of monophasic action poten- 

 tial, 381 



Grishman "cube," 341 



heart vector leads, 339 



I lelmholtz theorem and, 330, 331 



ideal electrical field, 325-329 



ideal lead field, 337 



image surface of thoracic electrodes, 336 



intrapulmonary leads, 346 



lead field, 332 



close bipolar field, 343 



unipolar electrode in homogeneous 

 field, 343 

 lead systems, 338-346 

 lead vectors 



construction of, 335 



in orthogonal lead systems, 342 



of common leads, 342 



of Vi, V;, and V,, 377 

 leads from surface or interior of heart, 



346 

 leads in contact with myocardium, 



346-349 

 limited potential differences, theory, 



349 



local leads, 341 

 definition, 341 



method of recording vectorcardio- 

 grams, 373 



myocardial leads, 346 



Nehb triangle, 339 



nomenclature, 366 



normal and abnormal rhythm theory, 



39-' 

 phonocardiography and, 691 

 physiological low \'Oltage, meaning, 



333 

 potential 



definition, 328 



distribution in thorax, 371 

 precordial electrodes and, 334 

 prediction of precordial records, 334 

 principle of "lead field," 331 

 projection laws of Einthoven and, 329 

 proximity effect of Wilson chest lead, 



345 



proximity potentials and, 335 



psychological influence on, 389 



recording, 325 



refractoriness, 400 



separation of atrial and ventricular 

 components, 368 



spread of activation, 349-354 



standard unipolar leads, 344 



superposition of dipoles and their 

 fields, 332 



SVEC system, 339 



technical problems, 325 



three-dimensional bipolar systems, 339 



tracings from close bipolar chest 

 leads, 344 



total heart leads, 339 



unipolar leads 



proximity potentials, 344 

 theory, 341 



unipolar surface electrodes, interpre- 

 tation, 348 



unipolar systems of nonlocal char- 

 acter, 340 



vector 



analysis, technical problems of, 372 

 characterization, 332-333 

 direction, determination of, 371 



