756 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



CIRCULATION I 



« 



Threone 



inhibition by dextran, 73 

 Thymidine 



distribution in body, 620 

 Toad 



pattern of excitation of ventricular 

 surface, 301 

 Total anomalous pulmonary \"enous 

 connection 

 arterial oxygen saturation and, 467 

 description, 466 

 diagram of, 466 

 hemodynamics in, 467 

 pulmonary blood How and arterial 

 oxygen saturation, 468 

 Total peripheral vascular resistance : see 



Vascular resistance 

 Toxicity 



ventricular function cur\e and, 492 

 TPP: see Thiamin 

 TPR: see Vascular resistance, total 



peripheral 

 Tracer studies 



analog computer methods, 636 

 analysis of data in two-compartment 



system, 630 

 basic assumptions, 622 

 calculation 



of coefficients, 635 

 of rate constants, 631 

 compartmcntal homogeniety, 623 

 curses of plasma concentration with 



analog computer, 639 

 determinants in, 624 

 digital computers, 638 

 electronic computer application, 636 

 exchange rates 



"effective" rate, 618 

 factors limiting, 618 

 exponential constants, 635 

 four-compartment specific activity 



curves, 639 

 kinetic analysis using electric analogs, 



637 

 linear differential equations in, 623 

 mathematical technics, 623 

 mathematics of blood flow with, 623 

 matrices in, 624 



multicompartment systems and, 630 

 one-compartment open system and, 



628 

 redistribution in three-compartment 



system, 631 

 terminology, 621 



three-compartment systems and, 630 

 tracer concept, 620-623 

 two-compartment closed system and, 



628 

 typical curves with analog computer, 



638 

 Tracers 

 behavior 



due to atomic weight, 622 

 due to carrier stability in, 622 



cell labeling and, 41 



definition, 62 1 



exchange rates, blood flow rates and, 

 618 



extravascular distribution, 619-620 



labeling of plasma proteins and, 39-40 



mixing and distribution, 619 

 Transaminase 



in heart, 229 



in skeletal muscle, 229 

 Transfer 



definition, 62 1 

 Transmission 



usage of, 697 

 Treppe 



potassium and, 499 



see also Bowditch staircase; Reverse 

 staircase 

 Tricuspid atresia 



characterization, 421 



hemodynamics, 475 

 Tricuspid incompetence 



cardiac output and, 670 



pulmonary hypertension and, 670 



right atrial pressure pulse, 655 

 Tricuspid insufficiency 



phonocardiogram of, 728 

 Tricuspid regurgitation 



hemodynamic changes due to, 452 



localization, with indicator-dilution 

 curves, 437 



physiological variables during, 476 

 Tricuspid stenosis 



aortic -pulmonary defect with, 470 



arterial pulse contours in, 452 



atrial septal defect with, 474 



criteria for, 670 



hemodynamic changes due to, 451 



right atrial pressure pulse, 655 



ventral septal defect with, 472 

 Tricuspid valve deformities 



cardiac insufficiency and, 670 



Ebstein's, 422 



pulmonary stenosis, 670 



right atrial pulse pressure and, 670 



with mitral stenosis, 670 

 Tritium 



distribution in body, 620 

 Tropomyosin 



in cardiac muscle, 2 1 7 

 Tinbulence 



definition, 6g6 

 Turbulent flow 



definition, 1 38 

 Turnover 



definition, 622 

 Tiunover rate 



definition, 622 

 Turtle 



A-V conduction system in, 289 



Ultramicroelectrodes 



intracellular recording and, 259 

 Ultrasonic flowmeter 



diagram, 556 

 Umbilical blood flow 



in fetus, 438 

 Ungulates 



electrocardiogram in, 313 



three-dimensional activation in, 312 



ventricular excitation in, 312 



ventricular wall excitation in, 304 

 Urea 



distribution in body, 620 

 Ussing flux ratio test 



ion transport and, 243-244 

 Utter-Ochoa cycle 



in heart muscle, 207 



V wave 



characteristics, 383 



metabolic factors, 383 



theory, 383 

 Vagus nerve 



atrioventricular conductance and, 297 



efferent stimulation 

 atrium and, 514 

 ventricle and, 51 2 



stimulation, cardiac autorhythmicity 

 and, 277 



LV stroke work and, 513 

 transmembrane potential and, 277 



see also Autonomic nerve 

 Valsalva maneuver 



localization of minmurs with, 724 

 Valsalva, sinus of 



aneurysm rupture, murmurs and, 723 

 Valves 



areas, calculation of, 428 



resistance, calculation of, 646 



see also names of \al\es 

 Valvular atresias 



characterization, 421 



description of, 475 

 Valvular disease 



insufficiency, 647-649 



stenosis, 645-647 



see also names of valves 

 Vascular resistance 



calculation of, 427 



definition, 428 



normal, in man, 440 



total peripheral 



aortic and mitral regurgitation and, 



661 

 factors in, 2 

 Vascular rings 



characterization of, 418 

 Vasoconstrictor ner\es 



function in various organs, 4 



