732 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



CIRCULATION I 



experiments than it does with the ability of the 

 investigator to record from the site of origin of the 

 events. 



CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOVASCULAR ACOUSTICS 



Throughout the length of this discussion, attention 

 has been directed toward a number of unsolved 

 problems in acoustics. At laoth the physical level and 

 the physiological level much remains to be done. The 

 central feature at the present time appears to be the 

 problem of providing a more fundamental and 

 broader base of experience in the correlation between 

 hemodvnamics and acoustics. In manv situations the 



hemodynamic factors seem to be well understood 

 and predictable correlations obtain. In a great num- 

 ber of other situations, however, such is not the case. 

 This is due in part to imperfections in our knowledge 

 regarding genesis and transmission of both .sounds and 

 murmurs. In part it is due to lack of precise knowl- 

 edge of hemodynamics, especially here the inability to 

 measure the xolume and time-course of flow at 

 x'arious critical locations. When these gaps are closed 

 then the physiologist and the interested clinician will 

 be able to answer what is perhaps the most important 

 current question in acoustics: To what extent can the 

 acoustic phenomena reveal the details of the hemo- 

 dynamic events both in normal condition and in 

 disease? A thoroughgoing appraisal of this promises 

 to vield rich di\idends. 



REFERENCES 



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Daoud, G., E. H. Reppert, and J. S. Butterworth. 

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DiMOND, E. G. AND A. Benchimol. Phonocardiography 



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