750 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



CIRCULATION I 



Magnesium 



cardiac contractility and, 171-1712 



deficiency in man, i 72 



electrocardiogram and, 1 7 1 



relation to calcium, 1 7 1 



uptake by heart, 1 72 

 Maladie de Roger 



description, 453 

 Malic acid dehydrogenase 



in heart, 229 



in skeletal muscle, 229 

 Mammalian species 



blood volume, 52 

 Mammillary systems: see Parallel systems 

 Man 



blood distribution data, 31 



blood volume in, 51-53 



cardiac output, 440, 569 

 basal, 572 



cardiovascular fluctuations in, 539 



pattern of excitation of ventricular 

 surface, 30 1 



plasma volume, 3 1 



QRS duration and heart weight, 360 



size of ECG deflections in, 367 



vascular resistance, 440 



volume-pressure curve of aorta, 93 

 Mannitol 



measurement of cardiac extracellular 

 space, 1 58 

 Marshall, H. W. 



Physiologic consequences of congenital 

 heart disease, 417-487 

 McKusick, V. A. 



Technical aspects of the study of cardi- 

 ovascular sound, 681-694 

 Membrane 



"clamp" potential and action potential, 

 161 



current, cardiac electrophysiology and, 

 246, 247 



ionic current, equation defining, 251, 

 252 



mosement of nonionized substances 

 and, 240 



potential 



cardiac glycosides and, 187 

 cardiac, nerve stimulation in, 277 

 sodium and, 253 

 veratrum alkaloids and, 180 

 voltage clamped axon and, 231 



resting cell 



cardiac electrophysiology, 239 

 passive ion movements and, 239 



resting potential 



external ion concentrations and, 245 

 generation of, 245 



voltage clamping, cardiac electro- 

 physiology and, 249 

 Mephenterrnine 



in patent ductus arteriosus, 726 

 Metabolic rate 



anaerobic 



evaluation in man, 673 

 in cardiac insufficiencies, 673 

 Metabolic requirements 



cardiac output, 6-7 

 Metabolism 



electrocardiograph and, 389 

 Mean transit time 



definition, 591 

 Microphones 



Altec, 684 



Groom, 684 

 Mid-dipole potential 



definition, 328 

 Mitchell, J. H. 



Control of the function of the heart, 



489-53^ 



Mitochondria 



of heart muscle, 203 



Mitral atresia 



characterization, 42 1 

 hemodynamics, 475 



Mitral insufficiency 

 acquired, 664-667 

 aortic regurgitation and, 660 

 assessment of, 725 

 atrial pressure pulse and, 653 

 congenital, 449-450 

 electrokymography and, 656 

 hemodynamics and, 498, 666-667 

 left atrial pressure in, 652 

 pressure curves and, 653 

 pulmonary bed clianges and, 671 

 stenosis and, 654, 666 

 with aortic regurgitation, 661 

 see also Val\T.ilar regurgitation 



Mitral stenosis 



acquired, 662-664 



aortic -pulmonary defect with, 470 



atrial septal defect with, 473 



atrial \olume and, 656 



congenital, 448-449 



correlation between pressure and 



acoustics, 7 1 9 

 diff^erentiation from insufficiency, 654 

 glomerular filtration rate, 672-673 

 in dogs 



compensatory changes, 662 

 pressure changes, 662 

 incompetence and, 666 

 indicator-dilution curves in, 648 

 left atrial pressure in, 652, 663 

 renal blood flow in, 672 

 spectral phonocardiogram in, 691 

 tricuspid \alve deformities, 670 

 ventricular septal defect with, 471 

 with mitral insufficiency, indicator- 

 dilution curves in, 648 

 see also VaK'ular stenosis 



Mitral valve 

 anatomy, 712 



cleft heart sounds and, 710 

 closure, 5 1 6 



atrial contraction and, 503 



autonomic nerve stimulation, 5 1 7 

 commissurotomy, heart sounds, 710 

 incompetent, motion picture of, 667 

 pathology, 7 1 2 

 Monkey 



blood distribution data, 32 



pattern of excitation of ventricular 



surface, 30 1 

 plasma volume, 32 

 \entricular excitation in, 312 

 Monohalogenic acids 



T wave and, 390 

 Mouse 



electrocardiographic data, 402 

 Muscle 



active state, 154 



definition of, 1 55 

 activity, potassium exchange and, 1 75 

 binding of Ca, 168 

 Ca" equilibration in, 168 

 calcium 



content of, 167 



influx in, 169 



partition in, 168 

 contractility 



definition, 153, 534 



definition and measiuement, 152 



relation to work, 154 



velocity of shortening and, 154 

 contraction, Ca influx and, 170 

 efficiency 



function and, 155 



isotonic load and, 156 

 ionic composition, glycosides and, i85 

 isometric tension curve, 153 

 isotonic measurements, 154 

 length-tension curves, 152, 153 

 lithium effects on, 163 

 proteins, digitalis and, 183 

 sarcosomc, enzyme content, 2 1 2 

 shorteningvelocity and contractility, 154 

 sodium and potassium in, 158 

 stimulation 



calcium efflux and, 169 



calcium influx and, 169 

 \elocity of shortening, mechanical load 



and, 153 

 work capacity, 1 52 

 work diagram of, 153 

 Myocardium 

 failiu'e 



aortic stenosis and, 659 



mitral incompetence and, 667 



QRS segment and, 318 

 function, efficiency, 155 

 infarction, S-T and T-Q segments, 



3"6-3i7 

 infarcts, ECG and, 390 

 ischemic, T-wave and, 316 



