Hypernatraemia and Hyponatraemia 



51 



tonic saline (Crawford and Ludemann, 1951; Birchard, 

 Rosenbaum and Strauss, 1953; Papper et al., 1956), and 

 depends, of course, on the liberation of ADH (Holland and 

 Stead, 1951). 



500- 



NqX«j/fnl 

 200 



lOO- 





NoCtm,) 



sol 



'TTTTT^/Z/Z/kr^-r.-^^. 



^^ 



TIME- 



CAM 12 6PM 12 



Fig. 1. The changes in total sodium excretion, urine flow, 



sodium concentration, and osmotic concentration of the urine 



after the infusion of 500 ml. of 5 per cent sodium chloride 



(436 m-equiv.). 



Water deprivation 



When fluid was withheld for 19 hours both patients pro- 

 duced a urine of small volume and high osmolality (Table II). 

 The osmolality was not as high as might be expected in normal 

 people ; but the osmolality of the plasma of both patients was 



