146 



Nathan B. Talbot and Robert Richie 



is not very great. The curves indicate that one is apt to 

 become water and phosphorus intoxicated before one becomes 

 potassium or sodium intoxicated. It is interesting that these 

 relations are in keeping with chnical observations on patients 

 with marked hmitation of renal function (Talbot et al., 1956). 

 One of the areas where the foregoing considerations appear 

 to have practical implications is with respect to parenteral 

 fluid maintenance therapy. Review of hospital practices 



INTAKE AND OUTPUT 



SUBJECT H.W. n SUBJECT Y-S.C. SUBJECT PT 



24 48 



TIME IN HOURS 

 Fig. 5. Intake and output of water and electrolytes by normal adult subjects 

 receiving a standard maintenance allotment of multiple electrolyte plus 

 dextrose solution in 24, 12 or 6 hours each day. (From Neyzi, Bailey and 



Talbot, 1958). 



reveals that some physicians give the total daily fluid, 

 carbohydrate and electrolyte allotment in a slow continuous 

 manner while others administer the total daily dose in a few 

 hours, allowing the patient to fast and thirst for the remainder 

 of the 24-hour period. The data shown in the right-hand sec- 

 tions of Fig. 5 (Neyzi, Bailey and Talbot, 1958) indicate the 

 ranges of output rate observed on two sets of three normal 

 adults maintained for three days on an ordinary dose (1,200 

 ml. per m.^ per day) of a solution containing, per litre, 50 g. of 



