158 



E. Kerpel-Fronius 



Alternatively, on the basis of body weight, the infant's 

 metabolism, dermal loss of water and cardiac output appear 

 to be very high in relation to his total body water and plasma 

 volume, which occupy approximately the same space as in the 



100% 

 80 

 60 

 40 

 20 

 



Surface/ kg. 



CO. 



SV. In PAH PI. 



tot.e.c. 



Perspir. 



Fig. 3. Haemodynamics, fluid spaces and renal function of the infant as 

 percentages of values for the adult. 



The data represent mean values for five infants aged 4 months, with body 

 weights of 5-5 kg., lengths of 61 cm. and surface areas of 0-30 m.^. The 

 basis of comparison in the upper part of the figure is the unit of body weight, 

 in the lower one that of body surface. The horizontal line, 100 per cent, shows 

 the normal values for adults, the height of each column giving the percentage 

 differences between adults and infants. 



CO. — cardiac output ; P. — pulse rate ; S.V. — systolic volume ; 

 In. — inulin; PI. — plasma; e.c. — extracellular. 



adult. This relationship holds true also for the extracellular 

 fluid volume, although this is higher than in the adult. Renal 

 clearances are proportional to fluid volumes and therefore 

 low in relation to circulatory and metabolic rates. 



