j,,,,:: 



II \\I)li( II IK I IF l'll\ SII II l H.\ 



Ml Rl IPHYSIOLOGY 111 



Somatosensory area 1 



antidromic and orthodromic stimula- 

 tion, 849 



characteristic Betz coll response, 850 



contra- or ipsil.itn.il stimulation, 848 



pyramidal fibers from, 846 

 Somesthetic discrimination 



ablation studies and, 1 \<»< 



learning and. 1478 



postcentral cortex and. 425 



theories, l.ltio 

 Somesthetic localization 



parietal lobe damage, 1 463 

 Sound discrimination 



ablation studies and, 145b 

 Sound localization 



temporal lobe lesions and, 1463 

 Sound stimulation 



of labyrinth, 557 

 Sour taste 



electric current and, 523 



pH and, 513 

 Space discrimination 



factors involved, 14b! 

 Spasticity 



control, cerebral cortex and, 791 



muscle length, 887 

 Spatial localization 



experimental, 1632 

 Spatial summation 



in olfactory bulb, 537 



in optic nerve, 723 



in optic pathway, 723 



synaptic, b6 

 Specific thalamic projection system 



tee Thalamus 

 Spi ech: see also Communication 



aphasia, 1 716 



arrest, central nervous system stimu- 

 lation and, 1718 



articulation scores, 1712 



aural monitoring, 1712 



binaui al perception, 1711, 1712 



bulbar syndromes and, 1715 



cerebellum and, 1 7 16 



cerebral dominance and, 17m 



delayed side-tone effects, 171-1 



development, 1720 



esophageal, 1715 



indui ei 1 •■• alization, central net vous 



system stimulation and, 1718 

 1.11 \ ax, 1 in uroeffector, 1714 

 masking of, 1710 



Ibrain and, 1716 



neurolog] 171", 1 720 

 neurophysiology of, 1 7'»i 1 

 01 al movements, 171", 

 perception, 1710-17 

 phonation, 1714 

 production, 1713 1715 



general 1 onsidei ations, 1713 



respiratory movements, 1713 



vocal cords and, 1 7 1 | 

 speech defects, 1719 

 Btimulus distortion and, 1710 



threshold ot detectability, 1710 



threshold of intelligibility, 1710 

 Sperm transport 



oxytocic hormone and, [O33 

 Spike potentials 



antidromic, 67 



invertebrate muscle 



quartenary ammonium compounds 

 and, 244 



IS spike, 67 



SD spike, 67 

 Spinal animal 



body temperature control, 1 180 



description, 781 



history, 782 



locomotion in, 1084 



postural reflexes, 784 



rebound, 788 



recovery of reflexes, 782 



stretch reflexes, 784 



vasoconstriction in, 1 138 



viscerosomatic reflexes in, 954 

 Spinal conditioning 



validity, 1476 

 Spinal cord 



see also Dorsal columns 



anterolateral column and pain libers, 

 486 



ascending relays 



central control of, 745 

 reticular formation and, 745 



association pain and temperature 

 libers, 484 



autonomic mechanisms in. 952 



course of pyramidal tract in, 858 



c 1 anial control of, 929 



distribution and properties ol afferents, 



934 



distribution of primary afferent libers 



934 

 emotion and, 1 720 

 internunci.il circuits, characteristics, 



937 

 interrelations cortex, cerebellum and 

 extrapyramidal motor system, 898 



lesions, pain and, )0 | 



mechanisms involved in somatic ac- 



lIMln - (| l| l|.|8 



net is, periodii excitability, (to 



neurosection in, 1 056 



pain fibers in, 470, 483 487 



pathways ol bladdei 1 onti 1 >1, 1 222 



respii ation centers, 1115 



se\ IkIi.is uh and, 



sympathetic vasodilator nerves and. 



1 1 -, 2 

 vas istrictor representation, 



Spinal mechanisms 



afferent fibers, 931-933 



afferent paths, 930 



cutaneous reflex action, 044 047 



liaison, afferent and motor paths, 

 934-938 



motor paths, constitution, 933. qj4 



muscular reflex action, 938 944 



somatic activities and, 929 

 Spinal reflexes 



see also Reflexes 



afferent paths, 930 



coordination, 785 



deterioration, 783 



extrapyramidal motor system, u^2 



pattern of, 784 



recovery, 782 

 Spinal shock 



central nervous svstem counter action, 



-83 



description, 956 



nature of, 783 

 Spinal vasomotor mechanism 



neurons 



carbon dioxide tension, 1 146 

 oxygen tension, 1 1 46 



pathways, description, 1 1 39 



reflexes, 1 1 38 

 Sphingoside 



structural formula, 179b 

 Spinothalamic system, 415-419, 484 |«ij 



as sensory path, 415 



ipsilateral pathways, 419 



modality organization, 4 1 8 



origin, 4 1 7 



posterior nuclear thalamic group and. 

 418 



reticular activating system and, 421 



reticular formation and, 1282, 1293 



second somatic area and, 148 



tactile fibers in, 4M1 



termination, 41 7 



topical organization, 418 

 Spreading depression 



conditions for production, 32 | 



cortical maturity and. 324 



D.C. changes and, 323 325 



relation to suppression, 813, 1331 



species variation, 324 



spikes and, 67 



Startle reaction 

 description, 007 



habituation and, 1 572 



Starvation 



neural function ami, 189 

 Static stimuli at Equilibrium 

 Statokinetii and locomotoi structures 



brain stem 890 896 92 1 



Statokinetic mechanisms 

 bi ,1111-stein centers, 890, 92 1 

 definition 890 

 sensor) systems responsible, 800 



Volume If 1 II ■ 140 Volume III: pages 1441 •■>'<<■ 



