SUBJECT INDEX 



763 



Vacuoles, osteoclasts, 613 

 Valve edges, pelecypods, 56 

 \'^alves, shell, see Shell valves 

 Variable fraction, citrate, 644 

 Vascular invasion, cartilage, 481 

 Vascular spaces, parietal bones, 483 

 Vascularized granulation tissue, 97 

 Velvet shedding, see Antler velvet 



shedding 

 Veneracea, 12 

 Venezuelan deer, 348 

 Venoclysis, EDTA, 545 

 Versene, 65, 81 



effect on shells, 75, 79 

 Vertebrae, collapsed, 415 

 Vertebral density, relative, 422 

 Vertebrate hard tissues, spectrum of, 



91 

 Vesicular sacs, collagen, 501 

 * Vestibular shield, dental erosion con- 

 trol, 120 

 Virginia deer 



antlers, 343, 347, 352, 354 



thvroid histologv, 360 

 \'itamin A 



acid phosphatase loss, 628 



bone resorption, 490, 628 



cartilage matrix, 628 



direct bone effect, 627 



induced resorption, 633 



and oxvgen tension, interdepend- 

 ence, 628 



protease release, 628 



resorbing calvaria, 626 



tissue culture, 628 

 \'itamin D 



bone destruction, 428 



bone metabolism, 564 



bone remodeling, 377 



bone resorption, 629 



citrate svnthesis, 640 



direct action, 631 



hypothesis on action, 644 



induced resorption, 633 



mineral solubility, 564 



osteoporosis, 433 



parathvroid hormone, 630 



\^itamin D-resistaat rickets, 466 

 \'omiting, dental erosion, 99 

 \ on Gierke's disease, 386 



Wapiti, antlers, 352 



Wasting of tooth substance, 101 



Water pressure, mantle cavitv, 18 



Wave attrition, 25 



Wave erosion, 25 



Wave surge, 37 



Wave turbulence, 27 



Wear of sheep's teeth, see Attrition of 



sheep's teeth 

 Wedge-shaped erosion of teeth, 102, 

 104 



restoration, 119 

 ^^'ed^s canals, exhumed teeth, 128 

 Weight loss, osteoporosis, 431 

 \\'hite clover, 155 



White Leghorn hen, osteoporosis, 432 

 White spot, incipient enamel caries, 



213, 215 

 Whole-body counting facility, 392 

 Wood-boring organisms, 1 

 Woods Hole Marine Biological Labo- 

 ratory, 87 

 Worms, 1, 25, 42 



mucous tubes, 6 

 Worn teeth, sheep 



erosive agents, 166 



silicon content, 165 

 Woven bone, 450, 477 



basophilia, 477 



organic mass content, 479 



osteocytes, 465, 477 



Xerostomia, 94 

 X-ray diffraction, 62 

 osteoporosis, 424 

 X-rav microradiography, bone, 535 

 Xylophaginidae, 10 



Yttrium 



autoradiographs of resorption sur- 

 faces, 452 

 bone remodeling, 450 

 bone resorption, 451 



