l lkilU raS^V S^ I*!''" STRIATED 



GERMINAL CENTER 

 FAT CELLS 

 SUBMUC0S4 



LUMEN OF LARGE 



INTESTINE 

 TRANSVERSE COLON) 



Fig. 293. Characteristics of the mucous membrane in different regions of the human 

 digestive tract: (A and D) redrawn and modified from Maximow and Bloom, A Text- 

 book of Histology, Saunders, Philadelphia; (B and C) redrawn from Bremer, A Text- 

 book of Histology, Blakiston, Philadelphia. (A) Esophageal area. Stratified squamous 

 epithelium together with esophageal and cardiac glands are characteristic. The esophageal 

 glands are located in the submucous layer and are of the tubulo-alveolar variety. The 

 cardiac glands are found in the upper and lower esophageal regions and are confined 

 to the mucous layer. (B) Stomach region. The mucous layer of the stomach is fea- 

 tured by the presence of many glands composed of simple and branched tubules. These 

 glands open into the bottom of the gastric pits which in turn form small, circular 

 openings at the mucosal surface. (C) The mucosal walls of the small intestine present 

 many finger-like processes, the villi, between the bases of which the intestinal glands or 

 crypts of Lieberkiihn project downward toward the lamina muscularis mucosae. (D) 

 The mucosa of the large intestine is devoid of villi, and the glands of Lieberkiihn are 

 longer and straighter than in the small intestine. 



620 



