SAND DUNES AND SALT MARSHES 



tinually changing with changing sets of tide 

 and currents, and while one part is building 

 out another part may be washing away. 



Yet this estimate just given is confirmed 

 by an ancient manuscript map, now in the 

 possession of Mr. R. T, Crane, Jr., to whom I 

 am indebted for a photographic reproduction 

 given here. This is entitled '' A Representa- 

 tion of Castle Hill & Castle Neck with ye ad- 

 jacent Sea, Rivers Creeks Hills Islands and 

 Marshes, Protracted from a scale of forty rods 

 to an Inch. P. B. Dodge Ipswich April 3 

 1786." The old Lakeman farm was then in- 

 habited by grandfather Choate, and the hill 

 we have just been considering is called '' Wig- 

 worn Hill." The foot of the hill is distant 

 from the sea, according to the map, some 

 eighty rods, or thirteen hundred and twenty 

 feet. As the sea is now twenty-four hundred 

 feet off, the dunes have gained eleven hundred 

 feet in one hundred and twenty-four years. 

 This corresponds fairly closely with the ap- 

 proximation of six hundred feet in fifty years 

 obtained from the old wreck. 



The southeastern end of the dunes do not 

 extend beyond Hog Island in this map, and 

 the distance from the farmhouse of Wigwam 



30 



