THE PITUITARY BODY 



change reported is not great" and was not observed in the 

 nephrectomized dog (Mclntyre and van Dyke, 193 1). Morris 

 (1933) beHeved that 12-17 P^'' ^^^^ of the blood chloride 

 (goat) is organic chloride and that posterior-lobe extract 

 caused a disappearance of the organic chloride perhaps with 

 the conversion of the latter into inorganic chloride. The 

 validity of the hypothesis of Molitor and Pick has been both 

 supported (Janossy, 1926; Mehes and Molitor, 1926; Hoff 

 and Wermer, 1927; Buschke, 1928; Molitor and Nikoloff, 

 1929; Silbermann, 1932) and denied (Janssen, 1928; Theo- 

 bald, 1934). From an experimental standpoint the im- 

 portance of the central nervous system as a factor in pos- 

 terior-lobe diuresis inhibition remains to be proved. 



After the injection of posterior-lobe extract into man or 

 the dog the urine is more alkaline, perhaps because of an 

 increase in the total amount of fixed base in relation to 

 sodium (Poulsson, 1930; Mclntyre, 1933). Mclntyre also 

 observed this change after the injection of the oxytocic prin- 

 ciple. 



From their mineral-balance experiments in man Engel, 

 McQuarrie, and Ziegler (1933) concluded that posterior-lobe 

 extract causes a loss of K, Na, and CI without influencing 

 the balance of Ca, Mg, P, S, and N.'^ In experiments in man 

 and animals lasting only a few hours, increases in the concen- 

 tration in the urine of Na, K, Ca, Mg, CI, PO4, total nitrogen, 

 urea, and creatinine have been observed (Fromherz, 1923; 

 Stehle and Bourne, 1925; Stehle, 1927; Gollwitzer-Meier and 

 Brocker, 1928; Manchester, 1932; Mclntyre and Sievers, 

 1933; and others). The most generally observed change, how- 

 ever, is an increase in the concentration and total amount of 

 Na and CI. Urechia, Groze, and Retzeanu (1930) concluded 

 that the intravenous injection of the vasopressor principle in- 



" Errors of chloride estimation, animal variability, and lack of completely con- 

 trolled experiments must be taken into account. 



" See also Nakazawa (1928). 



[358] 



