THE PITUITARY BODY 



Such a uterine bleeding resembles that following the injection 

 of oestrin or that of non-ovulatory menstruation.^' 



The growth of the follicles, which usually takes place after 

 the administration of anterior-pituitary implants or extracts, 

 is not ordinarily accompanied by follicular maturation. On 

 the contrary, the prominent changes are cyst formation and 

 follicular atresia." It appears that no investigator has suc- 

 ceeded in causing ovulation in the immature monkey by ad- 

 ministering the anterior lobe either as implants or in the form 

 of an extract. After follicle growth has been stimulated, how- 

 ever, the partial or complete luteinization of follicles can be 

 accomplished by the intravenous injection of an anterior- 

 pituitary extract or by the intravenous injection of extracts 

 both of the anterior pituitary and of pregnancy-urine (Hisaw 

 and others, 1932; Engle, 1934). Lutein cells are then formed 

 both from the granulosa and the theca interna. Engle be- 

 lieved that luteinization of the granulosa was caused by the 

 anterior-pituitary extract, whereas that of the theca was due 

 to the pregnancy-urine extract. However, Hisaw and his col- 

 leagues used only an extract of the anterior pituitary, yet 

 they produced luteinization of both the granulosa and the 

 theca interna. 



According to Hartman, Firor, and Ceiling (1930), the 

 bleeding from the uterine mucosa following the cessation of 

 oestrin treatment in spayed monkeys does not occur if hypo- 

 physectomy as well as ovariectomy have been performed, un- 

 less anterior pituitary implants or extracts are also adminis- 

 tered. They concluded that a hormone of the anterior pitui- 

 tary is the direct cause of bleeding from the uterine mucosa 

 (e.g., in menstruation). This hypothesis requires support — 



"Allen (1928); Courrier, Kehl, and Raynaud (1929) (they performed an experi- 

 ment in an immature magot [Macacus inuus seu ecaudatus]); Ehrhardt, Wiesbader, 

 and Focsaneanu (1929); Hartman (1930); Hartman and Squier (1931); Hisaw, 

 Fevold, and Leonard (1931); and Saiki (1932). 



"The injection of the urine of spayed women may stimulate follicle growth with- 

 out causing cystic degeneration (Smith and Engle, 1934). 



[140] 



