ANATOMY OF THE PITUITARY BODY 



effects can be observed after the implantation of any cell 

 type, including reserve cells (chromophobe adenoma). Gen- 

 erally, tissues composed mostly of reserve cells produce the 

 weakest response. There is some evidence that luteinization 

 is more readily produced by tissues containing many baso- 

 phils and that intermediate effects — follicle growth with or 

 without luteinization — follow the implantation of parts chief- 

 ly made up of oxyphils. Kraus, but not Zondek, beheved that 

 the stalk contained gonadotropic hormone even after the re- 

 moval of the pars tuberalis. In several reports (Hoppli, 1921 ; 

 Skubiszewski, 1925; Kraus and Traube, Kraus, 1928) an in- 

 crease in the proportion of basophils in the pars glandularis is 

 said to occur in two-thirds or more of cases of renal disease, 

 particularly if there is an associated hypertension. Kraus 

 even postulated an increased number of basophils in the pitu- 

 itary of hypersthenic individuals (including hypertension and 

 contracted kidney) and a diminished number in asthenia 

 (Addison's disease, tuberculosis, carcinoma, etc.). He be- 

 lieved (1933) that the oxyphils were concerned in carbohy- 

 drate metabolism, and the basophils in fat and cholesterol 

 metabolism. Gushing (1932-33) has described symptoms 

 (abdominal obesity, hirsutism, hypertension, etc.) which he 

 attributes to a basophilic adenoma of the pars glandularis 

 ("pituitary basophilism"). 



There is convincing evidence that the cells of the pars 

 intermedia of vertebrates other than man secrete the hor- 

 mone causing dispersion of the black pigment granules in 

 chromatophores. 



Investigators of the anatomy of the pars neuralis usually 

 refuse to consider that the specific and transiently powerful 

 hormones of that part are elaborated by its peculiar neu- 

 roglia-like cells. Instead, it is oftener postulated that the 

 cells of the pars intermedia or basophils invading the pars 

 neuralis, bearing a greater resemblance to glandular cells 

 elsewhere, secrete the posterior lobe hormones. The physio- 



[31] 



